A reaction device comprising: a first flow path to which a fuel gas is supplied; a second flow path to which a gas containing oxygen is supplied; a hydrogen permeable membrane that separates the first flow path and the second flow path and allows hydrogen contained in the fuel gas supplied to the first flow path to permeate toward the second flow path; and a catalyst that is provided in the second flow path and promotes oxidation reaction between the oxygen and hydrogen passing through the hydrogen permeable membrane, wherein the hydrogen permeable membrane comprises a barium zirconium oxide membrane.

A flexible electrocatalytic membrane for removing nitrate from water, a preparation method and use thereof are provided. The method of the present invention includes dropwise adding an aramid fiber solution into deionized water to prepare an aramid nanofiber sol, then reacting an ethanol solution containing 3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene and ferric nitrate with the aramid nanofiber sol to prepare a conductive aramid nanofiber sol, and finally dropwise adding MXene nanosheets ultrasonically pretreated by a tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution into the conductive aramid nanofiber sol to prepare the flexible electrocatalytic membrane. The prepared flexible electrocatalytic membrane possesses good mechanical strength and flexibility, and can not only effectively remove nitrate but also avoid failure of electrocatalytic materials due to surface fouling in the process of electrocatalytic reduction of nitrate, and thus has a long service life.

The present invention relates to systems and methods for catalytic removal of oxidized contaminants (for example, nitrite, chromate, chlorate, trichloroethene, CFC-11, 4-nonylphenol, RDX, and perfluorooctanoate) from water and wastewater. In some aspects, the catalytic method of removing oxidized contaminants comprises using precious metal nanoparticles as catalysts to reduce the oxidized contaminants.

In this disclosure, a process of recycling acid, base and the salt reagents required in the Li recovery process is introduced. A membrane electrolysis cell which incorporates an oxygen depolarized cathode is implemented to generate the required chemicals onsite. The system can utilize a portion of the salar brine or other lithium-containing brine or solid waste to generate hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and carbonate salts. Simultaneous generation of acid and base allows for taking advantage of both chemicals during the conventional Li recovery from brines and mineral rocks. The desalinated water can also be used for the washing steps on the recovery process or returned into the evaporation ponds. The method also can be used for the direct conversion of lithium salts to the high value LiOH product. The method does not produce any solid effluent which makes it easy-to-adopt for use in existing industrial Li recovery plants.

The present invention relates to a method for producing ceramic gas-separation membranes, which comprises depositing, by means of inkjet printing, water-based inks that form layers of a gas separation membrane. More specifically, the method comprises at least the following steps forming a porous support (i) compatible with a functional separation layer; depositing on the support (i), by means of inkjet printing, at least one functional separation layer (ii) formed by at least two inks, and depositing at least one porous catalytic activation layer (iii) on the functional separation layer (ii); and performing at least one heat treatment, which produces sintering. The functional separation layer (ii) is deposited in a manner to produce a surface with fadings, patterns, or combinations thereof he invention also relates to a gas separation membrane produced using the described method.

A method of obtaining a compound may include adding a substrate to a medium in a reactor, and reacting the substrate in the reactor to form the compound. A first stream is separated from the reaction liquid through a first membrane. A second stream is separated from the reaction liquid through a second membrane. The first membrane is a filtration membrane and the second membrane is configured for liquid-gas or liquid-liquid extraction The first membrane and the second membrane are at least partially immersed in the medium and are moved relative to the reactor during the separation steps.

The present disclosure relates to a large-scale production method of plant exosomes. The method of the present disclosure can isolate high purity plant exosomes from a large amount of raw plants, using centrifugation and TFF, which can process a large amount of plant raw materials at once. This improves a conventional isolation process of plant exosomes stayed at the laboratory level, and thereby, suggests an easy process for large-scale production.

In this disclosure, a process of recycling acid, base and the salt reagents required in the Li recovery process is introduced. A membrane electrolysis cell which incorporates an oxygen depolarized cathode is implemented to generate the required chemicals onsite. The system can utilize a portion of the salar brine or other lithium-containing brine or solid waste to generate hydrochloric or sulfuric acid, sodium hydroxide and carbonate salts. Simultaneous generation of acid and base allows for taking advantage of both chemicals during the conventional Li recovery from brines and mineral rocks. The desalinated water can also be used for the washing steps on the recovery process or returned into the evaporation ponds. The method also can be used for the direct conversion of lithium salts to the high value LiOH product. The method does not produce any solid effluent which makes it easy-to-adopt for use in existing industrial Li recovery plants.

A method of obtaining a compound may include adding a substrate to a medium in a reactor, and reacting the substrate in the reactor to form the compound. A first stream is separated from the reaction liquid through a first membrane. A second stream is separated from the reaction liquid through a second membrane. The first membrane is a filtration membrane and the second membrane is configured for liquid-gas or liquid-liquid extraction The first membrane and the second membrane are at least partially immersed in the medium and are moved relative to the reactor during the separation steps.

There is provided a membrane comprising: a porous support layer having a first surface and a second surface; a palladium (Pd)-based selective layer on a first surface of the support layer; and a zeolite protective layer on a second surface of the support layer, wherein the support layer is between the Pd-based selective layer and the zeolite protective layer. There is also provided a method of forming the same.