The present invention relates to a plant for removing C.sub.6-C.sub.11 hydrocarbons from methanol, comprising at least one reactor for the conversion of carbon monoxide and hydrogen to a crude methanol containing hydrocarbons, a distillation column with a head and a sump for the purification of the methanol, and at least one conduit for guiding the crude methanol from the at least one reactor into the distillation column. At its head, the distillation column includes a feed conduit for feeding in water.

A method for improving heat transfer during distillation and concentration of extract with solvent includes providing a distillation vessel having a heat transfer surface and preparing the heat transfer surface with a plurality of surface features. A distillation and concentration system includes a distillation vessel having a heat transfer surface prepared with a plurality of surface features in accordance with the method.

A process for the production of alkyl ethers including feeding a hydrocarbon feedstock and a first alcohol feedstock to a fixed bed reactor containing an etherification catalyst. The hydrocarbon feedstock and the first alcohol feedstock are contacted in the first fixed bed reactor to react the isoolefins with the alcohol in the presence of the etherification catalyst to produce a first product stream. The first product stream is fed together with a hydrogen feedstock and a second alcohol feedstock to a catalytic distillation reaction system containing a trifunctional catalyst to concurrently isomerize at least a portion of the alpha-olefins, hydrogenate at least a portion of the diolefins, and etherify at least a portion of the isoolefins and alcohol, producing a bottoms product comprising the one or more ethers and an overhead product comprising n-alkanes, isoalkanes, unreacted alpha-olefins, unreacted internal-olefins, unreacted isoolefins, and unreacted alcohol.

A cracking process for a reaction distillation of chlorosilane slurry includes feeding a chlorosilane slurry into a phase separator, drying a solid phase, feeding a chlorosilane polymer into a plate distillation column, returning kettle materials of the plate distillation column, and dividing a material produced from a top of the column. The process adopts an ionic liquid catalyst, which is environmentally friendly and reusable. The cracking and distillation of chlorosilane polymer are carried out simultaneously to shorten the time and increase the utilization rate of raw materials, which can reduce energy consumption and save costs and facilitate industrial production. A plate column is used as a distillation column, in which the two phases of the gas and liquid are sufficiently contacted. Therefore, the transfer of mass and heat is good, the production capacity is good, and the tower is not easily blocked, thereby making it easy to clean.

Methods and systems for separating a first metal from a metal-containing feed stream are provided. The method can include applying solar energy, for example, by focusing one or more mirrors in one or more heliostats, to heat a metal-containing feed stream in a heating zone to a first temperature to produce a first vapor including the first metal. The first vapor can be condensed in a condensation zone to produce a first liquid including the first metal, and the first liquid can be collected. The system can include a separation unit include a heating zone in fluid communication with a condensation zone and a means for applying solar energy to heat a metal-containing feed stream disposed in the heating zone.

The present disclosure is related to an apparatus and method for purification of biological feedstock, such as reducing or removing nitrogen containing compounds therein. The method can include subjecting the feedstock to a first separation step for obtaining a first fraction containing free fatty acids and nitrogen containing compounds, and collecting the residue containing acylglycerols. The first fraction is reacted with glycerol to obtain acylglycerols from the free fatty acid therein. This fraction is subjected to a second separation step for obtaining a second fraction containing nitrogen containing compounds, which is discharged as waste-product. The remains from the second separation contain formed acylglycerols and are collected.

The polymerization process comprises polymerizing an olefin monomer and a comonomer in the presence of a polymerization catalyst in a polymerization step conducted in a polymerization reactor in a solvent to produce a solution comprising a polymer of the olefin monomer and the comonomer.

The polymerization process comprises withdrawing an exhaust stream of the solution from the polymerization reactor in a withdrawing step.

The polymerization process comprises separating the exhaust stream to a first primary stream and a primary concentrated solution stream in a first primary separation step, wherein the first primary stream comprises hydrocarbons and polymer.

The polymerization process comprises separating the first primary stream to a second primary stream and a third primary stream in a second primary separation step, wherein the second primary stream comprises dissolved polymer and the third primary stream comprises majority of the hydrocarbons.

The polymerization process comprises cooling the third primary stream to a temperature of −80 to 20° C. in a primary cooling step to obtain a cooled third primary stream.

The polymerization process comprises separating the cooled third primary stream to a fourth primary stream and a fifth primary stream in a third primary separation step, wherein the fourth primary stream comprises hydrocarbons in vapour phase and the fifth primary stream comprises liquid hydrocarbons.

The polymerization process comprises returning the fourth primary stream and the fifth primary stream independently in a primary returning step to a location upstream of the polymerization reactor.

A method and system for membrane-assisted production of high purity concentrated dimethyl carbonate by the reaction of carbon dioxide and methanol is provided. Carbon dioxide is recovered from flue gas or other dilute streams from industrial processes by a membrane and subsequent conversion takes place to an intermediate methyl carbamate by reacting of carbon dioxide with ammonia and methanol. For high-purity carbon dioxide obtained by one of the carbon capture technologies or by a process (such as, for example, ethanol fermentation process) the membrane reactor is replaced with a catalytic reactor for direct conversion of carbon dioxide to methyl carbamate by reacting with ammonia and methanol. The methyl carbamate is further reacted with methanol for conversion to dimethyl carbonate. An integrated reactive distillation process using side reactors is used for facilitating the catalytic reaction in the subject method for producing high purity dimethyl carbonate.

The disclosure provides a structure that is used in the treatment of a fluid. The packing structure comprises a body having an axis. The packing structure also has at least one curved flow path that rotates around, and extends along at least a portion of, the axis of the body.

A multi-stage process for the production of a Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil compliant with ISO 8217: 2017 as a Table 2 residual marine fuel from a high sulfur Feedstock Heavy Marine Fuel Oil compliant with ISO 8217: 2017 as a Table 2 residual marine fuel except for the sulfur level, involving hydrotreating under reactive distillation conditions in a Reaction System composed of one or more reaction vessels. The reactive distillation conditions allow more than 75% by mass of the Process Mixture to exit the bottom of the reaction vessel as Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil. The Product Heavy Marine Fuel Oil has a maximum sulfur content (ISO 14596 or ISO 8754) less than 0.5 mass %. A process plant for conducting the process for conducting the process is disclosed.