Provided is a hydrogen separation filter allowing a hydrogen purification at a lower temperature than conventional one, and a method for manufacturing the same. A hydrogen separation filter includes a porous substrate, a lattice expansion layer formed on the porous substrate and containing a first material, and a hydrogen dissociation and transmission layer formed on the lattice expansion layer and containing a second material selected from the group consisting of Pd, V, Ta, Ti, Nb, and alloys thereof. The first material and the second material have a same crystalline structure. A lattice constant a.sub.1, bulk of a first bulk material having a same composition and a same crystalline structure as the first material and a lattice constant a.sub.2, bulk of a second bulk material having a same composition and a same crystalline structure as the second material satisfy a formula (1):

[00001]$1.03a_{2,bulk}\le a_{1,bulk}\le 1.15a_{2,bulk}$

A method produces a porous, arched aluminum fluidization element for a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, covering and delivering pulverized products, such as pulverized coal, using inert gas at pressures of up to 7 MPa. The fluidization element ensures that fluidizing gas is supplied and homogeneously distributed in the pump lower region, and the contour of the space for pulverized materials may be advantageously designed in the diaphragm deflection area and optionally adapted to the diaphragm guide rod. In this way, a homogeneous and reversible deformation of the diaphragm is obtained with minor wear as far as possible. At the end of the delivery process of the diaphragm pump, the diaphragm is applied to the arched, half-shell-shaped fluidization surface in an extensively flat manner, and a small dead volume can be obtained, which results in minimal space for pulverized materials with a high delivery rate and little high-pressure gas loss.

Provided is a protective mask that includes one or more layers of an air-permeable aerogel. The aerogel can be nonmetallic, metallic, metallic oxide, semi-conductive, or any combination thereof. The protective mask can include a nonmetallic interior layer and a metallic or metallic oxide exterior layer surrounding the nonmetallic interior layer. Alternatively, the facemask can include a semi-conductive layer, a power source, and a customizable switch. The pore size of the aerogel can be selected from a size ranging from <1 to 100 nanometers based on intended use. One or more layers can be incorporated into a facemask or respirator filter to protect a user from nanometric airborne particles, harmful chemicals used in industry, and the like. The filter is reusable and the pore size can be customized to deny entry to almost any size of particulate that is desired.

A screen element for a fuel system includes a first screen and a second screen. The first screen defines a first aperture and the second screen defines a second aperture. The first aperture and the second aperture are arranged out of circumferential alignment with one another such that a torturous flow path is defined through the apertures for capturing particles smaller than the apertures in a collection cavity defined between the screens.

In one aspect, a material structure is disclosed, which includes a macroscopic porous substrate configured to receive a flow of a medium for passage of at least a portion thereof through the porous substrate. At least one porous coating is disposed on at least a portion of an inner surface of the porous substrate, wherein the porous coating comprises a matrix having a plurality of interconnected passages. The porous substrate and the coating are configured to treat at least one contaminant, if any, present in the flowing medium.

The present invention offers infectious virus mitigation apparatus that utilize one or more 3-dimensional porous metal substrate that impart virus mitigation effect. Fluid that contains or may contain infectious virus traverses through said substrate to achieve virus mitigation effect. Additional virus mitigation effect can be achieved by subjecting said virus mitigation apparatus to suitable wavelength(s) of light that enhance total virus mitigation effect and/or utilizing contoured cover glazing to induce fluid dynamics that can enhance total virus mitigation effect per pass of said fluid through said apparatus. The utility includes a wide variety of practical uses such as filtration of air, water, blood, and other fluids that contain or may contain infectious virus such as coronavirus.

Provided is a filter plug, a well system, and a method for fracturing a well system. The filter plug, in one aspect, includes a filtration skeleton. The filter plug according to this aspect further includes a degradable material in contact with the filtration skeleton, the filtration skeleton and degradable material configured to lodge within a port in a wellbore, and thus substantially plug the port when the degradable material remains intact with the filtration skeleton and allow the filtration skeleton to filter particulate matter as fluid passes there through when the degradable material no longer remains intact with the filtration skeleton.

A method produces a porous, arched aluminum fluidization element for a diaphragm pump for fluidizing, covering and delivering pulverized products, such as pulverized coal, using inert gas at pressures of up to 7 MPa. The fluidization element ensures that fluidizing gas is supplied and homogeneously distributed in the pump lower region, and the contour of the space for pulverized materials may be advantageously designed in the diaphragm deflection area and optionally adapted to the diaphragm guide rod. In this way, a homogeneous and reversible deformation of the diaphragm is obtained with minor wear as far as possible. At the end of the delivery process of the diaphragm pump, the diaphragm is applied to the arched, half-shell-shaped fluidization surface in an extensively flat manner, and a small dead volume can be obtained, which results in minimal space for pulverized materials with a high delivery rate and little high-pressure gas loss.

An apparatus is used with supplied power for treating air in an environment. A housing is mobile in the environment and has an intake and an exhaust. At least one prime mover disposed in the housing between the intake and the exhaust is operable to move the air in the environment through the housing from the intake to the exhaust. At least one ultraviolet light source disposed in the housing is connected in electrical communication with the supplied power and is configured to generate ultraviolet radiation in at least one a portion of the housing through which the moved air passes from the intake to the exhaust. At least one permeable barrier disposed in the housing is configured to impede the moved air flow therethrough up to an impedance threshold. The at least one permeable barrier is connected in electrical communication to the supplied power and being heated to a surface temperature.

Disclosed herein are a composite for air purification, a filter including the same, and a method of manufacturing the same. The composite for air purification includes a porous support, a first coating layer disposed on a surface of the porous support and including a long-lasting phosphor, a second coating layer disposed on a surface of the first coating layer and including silica (SiO.sub.2), and a third coating layer disposed on a surface of the second coating layer and including a photocatalyst.