In some embodiments, the present disclosure pertains to methods of capturing CO.sub.2 from an environment by hydrating a porous material with water molecules to the extent thereby to define a preselected region of a plurality of hydrated pores and yet to the extent to allow the preselected region of a plurality of pores of the porous material to uptake gas molecules; positioning the porous material within a CO.sub.2 associated environment; and capturing CO.sub.2 by the hydrated porous material. In some embodiments, the pore volume of the hydrated porous material includes between 90% and 20% of the pre-hydrated pore volume to provide unhydrated pore volume within the porous material for enhanced selective uptake of CO.sub.2 in the CO.sub.2 associated environment. In some embodiments, the step of capturing includes forming CO.sub.2-hydrates within the pores of the porous material, where the CO.sub.2.Math.n/H.sub.2O ratio is n<4.

The invention relates to dispersions of porous solids in liquids selected from deep eutectic solvents, liquid oligomers, bulky liquids, liquid polymers, silicone oils, halogenated oils, paraffin oils or triglyceride oils, as well as to their methods of preparation. In embodiments of the invention, the porous solids are metal organic framework materials (MOFs), zeolites, covalent organic frameworks (COFs), porous inorganic materials, Mobil Compositions of Matter (MCMs) or a porous carbon. The invention also relates to the use of porous materials to form dispersions, and to assemblages of such dispersions with a gas or gases. The dispersions can exhibit high gas capacities and selectivities.

A reactor apparatus, includes: a reactor chamber having an inlet through which treatment liquid containing by-products is introduced and having an interior space; a burner at a lower end portion of the reactor chamber to burn waste gas; a guide member above the burner and configured to allow the treatment liquid to flow outwardly of the burner; a water reservoir between the burner and the guide member, the water reservoir having a double pipe structure having an inner wall portion and an outer wall portion, and through which water supplied through a water inlet is configured to flow between the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion; and a cover member coupled to an upper end portion of the water reservoir and configured to cover a space between the inner wall portion and the outer wall portion, wherein an upper end of the outer wall portion is above an upper end of the inner wall portion, wherein a plurality of bumps are on a bottom surface of the cover member spaced apart from each other in a circumferential direction, the plurality of bumps configured to form a gap of several hundred pm between the bottom surface of the cover member and an upper surface of the inner wall portion of the water reservoir.

Exemplary embodiments are directed to devices for separating a sample by chromatography, components of the devices, and methods for using the devices, and directed to devices and components for use with immobilized enzymatic reactors. A device includes a wall having a wetted surface exposed to a mobile phase including the sample during chromatographic separation. The wetted surface of the wall includes an alloy material including the following constituents: nickel, and cobalt and/or chromium where the alloy is limited in an amount of titanium to 1 wt %. A component includes a body having a wetted surface exposed to a mobile phase including the sample during chromatographic separation. The wetted surface of the body includes an alloy material including the following constituents: nickel, and cobalt and/or chromium where the alloy is limited in an amount of titanium to 1 wt %.

A nucleophilic substitution reaction to crosslink cyclodextrin (CD) polymer with rigid aromatic groups, providing a high surface area, mesoporous CD-containing polymers (P-CDPs). The P-CDPs can be used for removing organic contaminants from water. By encapsulating pollutants to form well-defined host-guest complexes with complementary selectivities to activated carbon (AC) sorbents. The P-CDPs can rapidly sequester pharmaceuticals, pesticides, and other organic micropollutants, achieving equilibrium binding capacity in seconds with adsorption rate constants 15-200 times greater than ACs and nonporous CD sorbents. The CD polymer can be regenerated several times, through a room temperature washing procedure, with no loss in performance.

This invention relates to a dispersion comprising porous particles dispersed in a liquid phase, wherein the porous particles comprise a zeolite and the liquid phase is a size-excluded liquid. The invention also relates to a method of adsorbing a gas into a liquid, comprising at least the step of bringing the gas into contact with the dispersion. In addition, the invention relates to an assemblage of the dispersion, the zeolite comprising a cavity and a gas contained within the cavity.

The present disclosure provides for collection and separation systems, collection and separation methods, isotope analsis systems, methods of processing samples to analyze .sup.15N, .sup.13C, and S.sup.34, and the like. In an aspect, the present disclosure provides for a system that includes a collection system in gaseous communication with a first device, wherein the collection system is configured to isolate two or more gases of a gaseous sample and configured to introduce each to a second device independently of one another.

Methods and systems for sensing headspace vial presence are described herein. In one embodiment, a system can include a sample probe, a fluid source in fluid communication with the sample probe, one or more of a pressure sensor and a flow sensor in fluid communication with the sample probe, and a processor configured to: (a) receive a first set of signals from the one or more of the pressure and flow sensors, execute an ejection procedure to remove a sample vial from the sample probe, receive a second set of signals from the one or more of the pressure sensor and the flow sensor during step (b), (d) detect whether the ejection procedure is successful from the first set of signals and the second set of signals, and (e) in response to the detecting, initiate one or more actions selected from the group consisting of: a remediation and an alert.

The invention relates to the use of a reactor, methods, and devices for the quantitative recovery of molecular hydrogen from solid, liquid, or gaseous substances which contain hydrogen and which have heteroatoms, as well as to reactors. In this case, the reactors have material containing chromium. The subject matter of the invention also includes the use of the reactor, the method, and the device for the compound-specific or component-specific measurement of the isotope ratio (δ.sup.2H) of hydrogen using online apparatuses.

One mode of the present invention is a quantitative analysis method of quantifying a target compound contained in a sample derived from an organism, including: a category selection step of receiving selection by a user of one category containing a target sample from among categories determined in advance for the sample; a preprocessing step of performing a predetermined preprocessing including derivatization on the target sample; a measurement execution step of executing GC/MS analysis on the preprocessed target sample based on analysis condition information provided from a database storing the analysis condition information for the GC/MS analysis and calibration curve information for quantification by a standard addition method for each category; and a quantitative processing step of performing quantitative processing based on data obtained in the measurement execution step using the calibration curve information corresponding to the selected category, the calibration curve information being provided by the database.