A process plant and a process for production of sulfur from a feedstock gas including from 15% to 100 vol % H.sub.2S and a stream of sulfuric acid, the process including a) providing a Claus reaction furnace feed stream with a substoichiometric amount of oxygen, b) directing to a Claus reaction furnace operating at elevated temperature, c) cooling to provide a cooled Claus converter feed gas, d) directing to contact a material catalytically active in the Claus reaction, e) withdrawing a Claus tail gas and elementary sulfur, f) directing a stream comprising said Claus tail gas to a Claus tail gas treatment, wherein sulfuric acid directed to said Claus reaction furnace is in the form of droplets with 90% of the mass of the droplets having a diameter below 500 μm, with the associated benefit of such a process efficiently converting all liquid H.sub.2SO.sub.4 to gaseous H.sub.2SO.sub.4 and further to SO.sub.2.

Apparatus and methods for treating acid gas, which utilizes multi-stage absorption cycle of ammonia desulfurization to treat acid tail gas after pre-treatment of the acid gas, thereby achieving the purpose of efficient and low-cost treatment of acid tail gas. The parameters of the acid tail gas may be adjusted by a regulatory system such that the enthalpy value of the acid tail gas is in the range of 60-850 kJ/kg dry gas, for example, 80-680 kJ/kg dry gas or 100-450 kJ/kg dry gas, to meet the requirements of ammonia desulfurization, and achieve the synergy between the acid gas pre-treatment and ammonia desulfurization. Furthermore, hydrogen sulfide may be converted into sulfur/sulfuric acid plus ammonium sulfate at an adjustable ratio.

A system includes a purification unit configured to process a vapor stream including sulfur dioxide. The purification unit includes an inlet configured to allow the vapor stream to enter the purification unit. The purification unit includes a steam coil configured to circulate steam and provide a source of heat. The purification unit includes a packed bed. The purification unit includes a tray configured to accumulate sulfur. The purification unit includes an absorber section configured to remove at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide from the vapor stream. The purification unit includes an outlet configured to allow an effluent with a lower sulfur dioxide content than the vapor stream to exit the purification unit. The system includes a sulfur tank including a vent line in fluid communication with the inlet. The vent line is configured to allow vapor to flow from the sulfur tank to the purification unit.

A revamp process for modifying a sulfur abatement plant including a Claus process plant, the Claus process plant including a Claus reaction furnace and one or more Claus conversion stages, each Claus conversion stage including a conversion reactor and a means for elemental sulfur condensation, and a means of Claus tail gas oxidation configured for receiving a Claus tail gas from said Claus process plant and configured for providing an oxidized Claus tail gas, the process revamp including: a) providing a sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant producing sulfuric acid, and b) providing a means for transferring an amount or all of the sulfuric acid produced in said sulfuric acid producing tail gas treatment plant to said Claus reaction furnace, wherein the moles of sulfur in the transferred sulfuric acid relative to the moles of elemental sulfur withdrawn from the Claus process plant is from 3% to 25%.

The invention relates to a method for cleaning corrosive process gases that contain sulfur compounds. According to the method, a gas stream that contains corrosive gases is conducted, in a sorption phase, over an inorganic sorbent material which absorbs at least one of the sorbable sulfurous components on the sorbent material, and the sulfurous compound-depleted gas stream is removed.

A system includes a purification unit configured to process a vapor stream including sulfur dioxide. The purification unit includes an inlet configured to allow the vapor stream to enter the purification unit. The purification unit includes a steam coil configured to circulate steam and provide a source of heat. The purification unit includes a packed bed. The purification unit includes a tray configured to accumulate sulfur. The purification unit includes an absorber section configured to remove at least a portion of the sulfur dioxide from the vapor stream. The purification unit includes an outlet configured to allow an effluent with a lower sulfur dioxide content than the vapor stream to exit the purification unit. The system includes a sulfur tank including a vent line in fluid communication with the inlet. The vent line is configured to allow vapor to flow from the sulfur tank to the purification unit.

A process plant and a process for production of sulfur from a feedstock gas including from 15% to 100 vol % H.sub.2S and a stream of sulfuric acid, the process including a) providing a Claus reaction furnace feed stream with a substoichiometric amount of oxygen, b) directing to a Claus reaction furnace operating at elevated temperature, c) cooling to provide a cooled Claus converter feed gas, d) directing to contact a material catalytically active in the Claus reaction, e) withdrawing a Claus tail gas and elementary sulfur, f) directing a stream comprising said Claus tail gas to a Claus tail gas treatment, wherein sulfuric acid directed to said Claus reaction furnace is in the form of droplets with 90% of the mass of the droplets having a diameter below 500 μm, with the associated benefit of such a process efficiently converting all liquid H.sub.2SO.sub.4 to gaseous H.sub.2SO.sub.4 and further to SO.sub.2.

The methods and systems are disclosed which leverage sulfur abatement resources present at most refineries or other hydrocarbon processing plants, such as natural gas processing plants to capture and treat sulfur-containing byproducts, such as SO.sub.2, generated during the regeneration of spent HDP catalysts. Thus, the disclosed methods and systems allow for converting hazardous waste spent catalyst to a salable product at it source while simultaneously capturing the sulfur oxides removed from the catalyst and converting them to a useful product instead of a resultant waste stream requiring management and/or disposal. Thus, spent sulfur bearing refinery wastes, such as HDP catalyst, can be roasted or regenerated at the refinery site to convert the hazardous sulfur-bearing wastes into one or more salable products.

Indoor and outdoor air purifier including:—a fan for suctioning air and conveying it into—an air treatment duct suitable to disintegrate the toxic and pollutant components present in the air and then reintroducing the air, purified by now, into the external environment through one of the grids; within the duct, at least the following being installed: ∘ filters in any alveolar ceramic alloy treated with a titanium dioxide TiO.sub.2 nano-coating suitable to disintegrate the pollutant substances by a photocatalytic process activated thanks to ∘ LED lights, each of which installed in proximity to a corresponding filter, suitable to start the pollutant molecules disintegration photocatalytic process, reintroducing only the harmless substances into the atmosphere.

The present invention refers to the use of a surface-treated calcium carbonate-comprising material and/or magnesium carbonate-comprising material as oxygen scavenger; wherein the surface treatment agent is selected from the group consisting of ascorbic acid and/or salts thereof, gallic acid and/or salts thereof, unsaturated fatty acids and/or salts thereof, elemental iron, iron (II)-salts and iron (ID-comprising oxides, iron (II, III)-comprising oxides and mixtures thereof; and wherein the total weight of the surface treatment agent on the total surface area of the at least one calcium carbonate-comprising material and/or magnesium carbonate-comprising material is from 0.01 to 40 mg/m.sup.2, based on the at least one calcium carbonate-comprising material and/or magnesium carbonate-comprising material.