Methods and systems for recovering sulfur dioxide from a Claus unit process emissions stream are provided. The method comprises the steps of generating a process emissions stream from a thermal oxidizer or other combustion device, introducing the emissions stream to an SO.sub.2 removal system, introducing the SO.sub.2 rich stream from the SO.sub.2 removal system to a CO.sub.2 removal system, and introducing an enriched SO.sub.2 stream back to the Claus unit. The SO.sub.2 removal system can include one or more SO.sub.2 selective membranes. The CO.sub.2 removal system can include one or more CO.sub.2 selective membranes.

Methods and systems for recovering sulfur dioxide from a Claus unit process emissions stream are provided. The method comprises the steps of generating a process emissions stream from a thermal oxidizer or other combustion device, introducing the emissions stream to an SO.sub.2 removal system, introducing the SO.sub.2 rich stream from the SO.sub.2 removal system to a CO.sub.2 removal system, and introducing an enriched SO.sub.2 stream back to the Claus unit. The SO.sub.2 removal system can include one or more SO.sub.2 selective membranes. The CO.sub.2 removal system can include one or more CO.sub.2 selective membranes.

A fluid separation apparatus comprising a fluid separation membrane is provided. The fluid separation apparatus comprises a fluid separation membrane extending in one direction and having a cross-section with a closed curve shape, wherein the fluid separation membrane has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and an outer diameter of 60 mm to 360 mm when the cross-section is adjusted to be circular.

A fluid separation apparatus comprising a fluid separation membrane is provided. The fluid separation apparatus comprises a fluid separation membrane extending in one direction and having a cross-section with a closed curve shape, wherein the fluid separation membrane has a thickness of 0.1 mm to 2 mm, and an outer diameter of 60 mm to 360 mm when the cross-section is adjusted to be circular.

A composite material is provided comprising a porous polymeric matrix having metal-organic framework (MOF) domains dispersed within the porous polymeric matrix, each of said MOF domains in fluid communication with the external environment through the pores in the porous polymeric matrix. A process of using the composite material to chemically modify or detoxify a chemical warfare agent or a toxic industrial chemical is also provided. The chemical warfare agent or the toxic industrial chemical is brought into contact with a MOF domain within the porous polymeric matrix so that the MOFs adsorb and chemically modify the chemical warfare agent or the toxic industrial chemical. A process for producing such a composite material is also disclosed.

A composite material is provided comprising a porous polymeric matrix having metal-organic framework (MOF) domains dispersed within the porous polymeric matrix, each of said MOF domains in fluid communication with the external environment through the pores in the porous polymeric matrix. A process of using the composite material to chemically modify or detoxify a chemical warfare agent or a toxic industrial chemical is also provided. The chemical warfare agent or the toxic industrial chemical is brought into contact with a MOF domain within the porous polymeric matrix so that the MOFs adsorb and chemically modify the chemical warfare agent or the toxic industrial chemical. A process for producing such a composite material is also disclosed.

A nanomembrane and a forming method thereof are provided. The nanomembrane according to embodiments of the present invention comprises an elastomer layer and nanostructures disposed on the elastomer layer. The method for forming a nanomembrane according to embodiments of the present invention comprises forming a nanocomposite solution comprising nanostructures and an elastomer solution, forming an elastomer solution layer by providing the nanocomposite solution on a first solvent, and forming an elastomer layer by drying the elastomer solution layer, and forming a nanomembrane comprising the elastomer layer and the nanostructures bonded to the elastomer layer. The nanocomposite solution is formed by mixing the nanostructures and the elastomer solution with a second solvent, and the elastomer solution is formed by mixing elastomer and a third solvent.

The present invention relates to the separation and isolation of neutral human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) from the reaction mixture in which they are produced.

A porous membrane includes a triblock copolymer of the formula ABC. B is a hydrogenated vinyl aromatic block present in a range from 30 to 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the copolymer and has a T.sub.g of ≥110° C. C is a rubbery block present in a range from 10 to 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the copolymer and has a T.sub.g≤25° C. A is substantially incompatible with both the B and C blocks and is derived from ring-opening polymerization. B+C is present in a range from 70 to 95 weight percent, based on the total weight of the copolymer.

A porous membrane includes a triblock copolymer of the formula ABC. B is a hydrogenated vinyl aromatic block present in a range from 30 to 90 weight percent, based on the total weight of the copolymer and has a T.sub.g of ≥110° C. C is a rubbery block present in a range from 10 to 70 weight percent, based on the total weight of the copolymer and has a T.sub.g≤25° C. A is substantially incompatible with both the B and C blocks and is derived from ring-opening polymerization. B+C is present in a range from 70 to 95 weight percent, based on the total weight of the copolymer.