A static mixer for exhaust gas ducts of internal combustion engines includes an elongated hollow metal body having a shape which, relative to a symmetry axis, substantially corresponds to a solid of revolution defining at its inside a cavity having opposite bases, at least one of which has an axial opening, and a closed lateral wall connecting the opposite bases and having at least one radial opening over which a concave blade is arranged extending radially outward from a portion of the peripheral edge of the radial opening and surrounding a portion of the radial opening so as to define, in a first angular direction relative to the symmetry axis, a corresponding concave screen or spoon and, in a second, opposite direction, a mouth intended for the passage of gases and located substantially in front of the concave screen or spoon.

A fine bubble generator may include an inlet; an outlet; a first fine bubble generation portion; and a second fine bubble generation portion. The first fine bubble generation portion includes: a diameter-reducing flow path and a diameter-increasing flow path. The second fine bubble generation portion includes: a first swirling flow generation portion; and a second swirling flow generation portion. The first swirling flow generation portion includes: a first outer peripheral portion; and a plurality of first vanes disposed configured to generate a first swirling flow flowing in a first swirling direction with respect to a center axis of the second fine bubble generation portion. The second swirling flow generation portion includes: a second outer peripheral portion; and a plurality of second vanes configured to generate a second swirling flow flowing in a second swirling direction opposite to the first swirling direction with respect to the center axis.

A mixer for a vehicle exhaust gas system includes a mixer housing defining an internal cavity and having a mixer inlet configured to receive exhaust gas and a mixer outlet to direct exhaust gas to downstream exhaust components. A flow device is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the mixer inlet and to facilitate mixing of the exhaust gas and a reductant introduced into the first flow device. The flow device comprises a Venturi body centered on a body center axis, and the Venturi body comprises a body inlet configured to receive the exhaust gas from the mixer inlet and a body outlet configured to provide the exhaust gas to the mixer outlet. The Venturi body also includes a louver extending from an internal surface of the mixer housing to a distal edge that is downstream of the body outlet. An upstream vane is positioned within the Venturi body proximate the body inlet and is coupled to an upstream vane hub that is centered on an upstream vane hub axis. A downstream vane is positioned within the Venturi body proximate the body outlet and is coupled to a downstream vane hub that is centered on a downstream vane hub axis. The upstream vane hub axis is radially offset from the body center axis by an offset distance and/or the downstream vane hub axis is radially offset from the body center axis by an offset distance.

A method and apparatus for producing hydrogen gas whereby a nanobubble generator introduces nanobubbles at a concentration of at least 10.sup.7 nanobubbles per cm.sup.3 into an electrolytic cell comprising a pair of electrodes and a hydrogen-containing, electrolyzable liquid, and the electrolytic cell is operated to produce hydrogen gas.

A mixer for a vehicle exhaust gas system includes a mixer housing defining an internal cavity and having a mixer inlet configured to receive exhaust gas and a mixer outlet to direct exhaust gas to downstream exhaust components. A flow device is configured to receive the exhaust gas from the mixer inlet and to facilitate mixing of the exhaust gas and a reductant introduced into the first flow device. The flow device comprises a Venturi body centered on a body center axis, and the Venturi body comprises a body inlet configured to receive the exhaust gas from the mixer inlet and a body outlet configured to provide the exhaust gas to the mixer outlet. The Venturi body also includes a louver extending from an internal surface of the mixer housing to a distal edge that is downstream of the body outlet. An upstream vane is positioned within the Venturi body proximate the body inlet and is coupled to an upstream vane hub that is centered on an upstream vane hub axis. A downstream vane is positioned within the Venturi body proximate the body outlet and is coupled to a downstream vane hub that is centered on a downstream vane hub axis. The upstream vane hub axis is radially offset from the body center axis by an offset distance and/or the downstream vane hub axis is radially offset from the body center axis by an offset distance.

Proposed is a device for aerating a liquid. The device includes a housing having a liquid inlet channel, an air inlet channel and an outlet channel for a mixture of liquid and air. Mounted in the housing is a conical nozzle containing a swirler for feeding in liquid under pressure, the swirler having helical grooves on its outer surface. Mounted in the region where a conical jet of liquid exits an opening in the conical portion of the nozzle is a baffle with which the flow of liquid collides, resulting in cavitation, wherein air enters into the inner region of the jet of liquid via a channel in the baffle and through an opening in the baffle.

An apparatus and a method for manufacturing instantly emulsified cosmetics is disclosed. The apparatus comprises: a housing; a pump in the housing for discharging an instantly emulsified emulsion outside of the housing; a first container in the housing for storing an internal fluid; a second container in the housing for storing a functional fluid including a functional raw material; a third container in the housing for storing an external fluid; a channel part in the housing for receiving the external fluid, the internal fluid and the functional fluid generate an emulsion; and a tube provides the pump with the emulsion generated in the channel part, wherein the channel part includes: a first channel for mixing the internal fluid and the functional fluid to generate a mixed fluid; and a second channel for mixing the mixed fluid provided from the first channel and the external fluid to generate an emulsion.

A polymer dispersion system for use in a hydraulic fracturing operation is disclosed. The system comprises (a) a tank assembly comprising an ingress, an egress, and an interior volume for collecting mother solution; (b) a first transfer pump coupled with the egress of the tank assembly: and (c) a second transfer pump coupled with the egress of the tank assembly. The first transfer pump is configured for coupling to a missile unit and a blender unit downstream thereof, but in fluid communication with only one of such units at any given time when coupled. A method of operating said polymer dispersion system is also disclosed.

The invention relates to a generator and its operation and use for generating toroidal and spatial vortices in a liquid. It comprises a rotationally symmetrical stator housing with an inlet opening and an eccentric outlet opening. It further comprises a rotor rotatably arranged in the stator housing with radially outwardly extending channels in constant fluid connection to the inlet opening. The rotor comprises a rotor disc, radially outside of the rotor with a side surface with inner notches in fluid connection to the rotor channels. The stator housing comprises a stator disc comprising a side surface with stator notches. When these notches face each other due to rotation of the rotor disc, a periodical liquid flow from the inner notches to the stator notches is formed and toroidal vortices are generated in the portioned liquid by shear stress as the portions of liquid move back and forth in the notches.

A tube-in-tube inline solids conditioner and pre-wetter. The conditioner has three concentric tubes. A first ingredient is fed into an inner tube. A second ingredient is fed into an outer tube. The middle tube has a flared nozzle to form a tear drop flow with the second ingredient that surrounds the first ingredient. A vacuum chamber is formed between the middle tube and the inner tube. The cocoon and the vacuum prevent the formation of condensation inside the conditioner. The conditioner combines the two ingredients into a mixture that is pumpable.