The present invention allows measurement of a precise amount of gas by preventing sudden flow rate fluctuations of gas. A gas supply system 1a for a mixing-discharging apparatus 90 to mix gas and paste material includes a regulator 2 adapted to control pressure of gas supplied to the mixing-discharging apparatus, a flow meter 3 adapted to measure flow rate of the gas, a gas storage portion 4 adapted to store the gas, and a valve 5 adapted to open and close a gas introduction path 11 to the mixing-discharging apparatus 90. The flow meter 3 is placed in front of the gas storage portion 4 and behind the regulator 2 with respect to a flow of the gas.

Provided is a cosmetic comprising nano bubble-liquid and cosmetic ingredients. The cosmetic according to the present invention comprises nano bubble-liquid and cosmetic ingredients, in which the nano bubble-liquid is liquid in a nano bubble state comprising a liquid medium and bubbles, the bubbles having a diameter of 5 nm to 500 nm.

Provided is a cosmetic comprising nano bubble-liquid and cosmetic ingredients. The cosmetic according to the present invention comprises nano bubble-liquid and cosmetic ingredients, in which the nano bubble-liquid is liquid in a nano bubble state comprising a liquid medium and bubbles, the bubbles having a diameter of 5 nm to 500 nm.

The device includes a vessel to be filled with a mixture of water and a component producing foam, where the vessel comprises a device for blowing air into the mixture to produce foam. It is provided according to the disclosure that the device comprises at least two vessels to be filled with the mixture arranged one above the other in a vertical direction in tiers, where the vessels comprise the device for blowing air into the mixture to produce foam, where the vessels are open towards an outlet region such that the foam produced in the vessels is merged in the outlet region.

A fuel injection system may comprise a mixer and a fuel injector disposed within the mixer. The mixer may comprise an outer housing with an exit port and a bluff body extending across the exit port of the outer housing. A flared surface of the mixer may match a contour of the bluff body.

A device for generating bubbles, comprising a porous material having at least one hydrophilic surface (1), arranged such that a liquid (7) in which the bubbles (6) are intended to be formed may contact the hydrophilic surface (1) and at least one hydrophobic surface (2), arranged such that a gas (5) used to generate the bubbles (6) may flow past the hydrophobic surface (2) before it flows past the hydrophilic surface (1). The device may be used for creating fine bubbles in numerous applications, such as wastewater treatment, plant cultivation, aquafarming, aeration systems, bioreactors, fermeters, oil extraction or fuel cells.

The present invention relates to a device and method for making sclerosing foam, which is useful in the treatment of varicose veins and other venous conditions. The device comprises a continuous pathway that is at least partly formed of flexible or compressible material and that comprises a foam generating structure within the continuous pathway; the foam generating structure being formed of two or more elements, wherein each element defines at least one passageway of cross sectional area 1 μm2 to 10 mm2 and said two or more elements being arranged in series; a port which allows introduction of material into or extraction of material out of the continuous pathway; and a liquid pathway that is at least partly formed of flexible or compressible material and is arranged to deliver liquid into the foam generating structure between a first and second element of the foam generating structure.

A heat and mass transfer system configured to be a passive system using gravitational force to form a thin liquid film flow on an outer surface of a flow distribution head and downstream conduit member to subject the thin liquid film to heat transfer mediums. The at least partially spherical flow distribution head creates a uniform thin flow of liquid on the outer surface increasing the efficiency of the heat and mass transfer system. The heat and mass transfer system may include a heat transfer medium supply system in fluid communication with internal aspects of the downstream conduit such that a heat transfer medium flows within the downstream conduit while the liquid film flows on the outer surface of the downstream conduit. Rather than conventional sheet flow on inner surfaces of a conduit, the flow distribution head enables sheet flow to be formed on an outside surface of a component.

A heat and mass transfer system configured to be a passive system using gravitational force to form a thin liquid film flow on an outer surface of a flow distribution head and downstream conduit member to subject the thin liquid film to heat transfer mediums. The at least partially spherical flow distribution head creates a uniform thin flow of liquid on the outer surface increasing the efficiency of the heat and mass transfer system. The heat and mass transfer system may include a heat transfer medium supply system in fluid communication with internal aspects of the downstream conduit such that a heat transfer medium flows within the downstream conduit while the liquid film flows on the outer surface of the downstream conduit. Rather than conventional sheet flow on inner surfaces of a conduit, the flow distribution head enables sheet flow to be formed on an outside surface of a component.

A mixing apparatus is described. The mixing apparatus has a first port for receiving milk, a second port for receiving steam, and a mixing chamber for mixing the milk, the steam, and air. A channel arrangement connects the first port and the second port, and defines an air intake channel which leads to a frothing section. The mixing apparatus is designed such that, in use, the frothing section fills sufficiently with steamed milk that has a direct path from the second port to the mixing chamber is interrupted by the steamed milk. This provides a noise reduction during use of the mixing apparatus. A flow reducing means, such as a barrier, may be used for this purpose.