A method for causing exhaust gas flow to flow at least 270 degrees in a first direction about a perforated tube using a baffle plate having a main body with a plurality of flow-through openings and a plurality of louvers positioned adjacent to the flow-through openings. The method includes deflecting a first portion of the exhaust gas flow with the main body of the baffle plate. The method also includes allowing a second portion of the exhaust gas flow to flow through the flow-through openings of the baffle plate. The method also deflects the second portion of the exhaust gas flow at a downstream side of the main body with the louvers hereby causing the second portion of the exhaust gas flow to flow in the first direction about the perforated tube.

Provided are an internal structure capable of generating fine bubbles without increasing a flow rate, a flow characteristic changing apparatus, and a utilization apparatus thereof. An internal structure which is accommodated in a housing and configured to change characteristics of a fluid with respect to the fluid includes a first internal structure and a second internal structure. The first internal structure has a flow characteristic providing portion having a structure of at least one hollow venturi tube. The second internal structure is in the form of a hollow shaft, accommodates at least a portion of the first internal structure inside the hollow shaft, and has a body portion having a plurality of protrusions formed on an outer surface thereof.

A method, flow device and system for method of guiding a flow of exhaust gas for aftertreatment, including receiving exhaust gas into a mixing chamber; supporting a mixing tube mostly in the mixing chamber obliquely to and extending through a peripheral wall of the mixing chamber; supporting by a reactant doser mount a reactant doser that doses reactant to the mixing tube; receiving, by a peripheral exhaust gas entry in the mixing tube, exhaust gas at reactant stream arriving from the doser; and forming by a swirl arrangement, a rotating flow around a mixing tube output and enhancing exhaust gas flow through the mixing tube by forming some pressure around the mixing tube downstream from the peripheral exhaust gas entry.

One or more embodiments relate to systems and methods for mixing of two or more fluids using a multi-chamber manifold. One or more embodiments relate to optimal mixing.

A fine bubble generator may include an inlet, an outlet, a first fine bubble generation portion including a first flow path, and a second fine bubble generation portion including a second flow path. The first flow path may include a diameter-reducing flow path and a diameter-increasing flow path. The second flow path may include a guide flow path and a collision flow path disposed downstream of the guide flow path. A first bearing and a first impeller rotatably attached to the first bearing may be disposed on the collision flow path. The first impeller may include a disc disposed at a position at which the gas-dissolved water collides with the disc; a first rotation shaft disposed on a downstream surface of the disc and rotatably attached to the first bearing; and one or more first vanes disposed on an upstream surface of the disc.

A fine bubble generator may include an inlet; an outlet; a first fine bubble generation portion; and a second fine bubble generation portion. The first fine bubble generation portion includes: a diameter-reducing flow path and a diameter-increasing flow path. The second fine bubble generation portion includes: a first swirling flow generation portion; and a second swirling flow generation portion. The first swirling flow generation portion includes: a first outer peripheral portion; and a plurality of first vanes disposed configured to generate a first swirling flow flowing in a first swirling direction with respect to a center axis of the second fine bubble generation portion. The second swirling flow generation portion includes: a second outer peripheral portion; and a plurality of second vanes configured to generate a second swirling flow flowing in a second swirling direction opposite to the first swirling direction with respect to the center axis.

A mixer for a vehicle exhaust gas system, according to an exemplary aspect of the present disclosure includes, among other things, a mixer housing defining an internal cavity and a venturi section including integrally formed mixing vanes and positioned within the internal cavity. The venturi section comprises a first portion and a second portion that are combined to provide a mixing chamber therebetween. A doser mount opening is formed within the mixer housing that is open to the mixing chamber.

Apparatus and method for mixing reductant in an exhaust gas flow using virtual interception. Embodiments include an exhaust gas and reductant mixer comprising a body, a first flow device, and a reductant entry port. The body defines an exhaust gas flow path having a central portion. The first flow device swirls the exhaust gas in a circumferential direction with respect to the gas flow path. The reductant entry port introduces the reductant into the gas flow path at a location downstream from the first flow device and in an introduction direction (1) offset from the central portion, and (2) opposite the circumferential direction.

A beverage supplying apparatus that supplies a beverage into a beverage container, includes: an ingredient storage unit to store a beverage ingredient; a compressed gas supplying means to supply compressed gas to the ingredient storage unit and pressurize the beverage ingredient; and a beverage supplying means to, when receiving a supply command, allow the pressurized beverage ingredient to be supplied to a nozzle, and supply compressed nitrogen gas to the nozzle, so that the nitrogen gas and the beverage ingredient are mixed and stirred at the nozzle and the beverage is discharged to the beverage container through the nozzle.

The present disclosure relates to a nanobubble generation system using friction in which a frictional force is applied to bubbles included in a gas-liquid mixed fluid so that the atomization of the bubbles is induced and nanobubbles are generated. The nanobubble generation system includes: a chamber including an inlet, an outlet, and an internal space S configured to atomize bubbles included in a gas-liquid mixed fluid; one or more strikers each including a plurality of protrusions provided on a body thereof to simultaneously apply impact to the gas-liquid mixed fluid that flows into the chamber and swirl the fluid in order to cause the gas-liquid mixed fluid to rub against an inner wall of the chamber, the strikers being provided on the driving shaft; a plurality of friction elements provided on the driving shaft in order to apply frictional force to the gas-liquid mixed fluid; and a driving mechanism including the driving shaft and configured to rotate the striker and the friction elements, wherein the friction elements are arranged on the driving shaft to be spaced apart from each other at a predetermined interval, and peripheral surfaces of bodies of the friction elements directly face the inner wall of the chamber with a predetermined distance therebetween.