A vortex flow inducer has inducer body with an interior end, an outer end and a length extending there between, and a longitudinal axis extending between the interior and the outer ends. A flow passage extends between the interior and outer ends of the inducer body. The flow passage has an inlet at the outer end and an exit at the interior end. The flow passage is swept latterly toward a side of the inducer body in a direction from the outer end toward the interior end such that the exit is latterly offset from the longitudinal axis. The interior end of the inducer body has a concave curvature. The swept flow passage and the curved interior end induce a vortex flow in a fluid flowing through the flow passage as it exits the flow passage and into a flow passage of a conduit the that extends at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the inducer body.

An impeller-free vortex generator apparatus for fluid mixing, including: a fluid tank including: a first fluid inlet port, the first fluid inlet port including a curved flow channel between a first sidewall segment of the fluid tank and a second sidewall segment of the fluid tank, a second fluid inlet port, and a fluid outlet port; and a first fluid intake duct in fluid communication with the first fluid inlet port; wherein the first fluid intake duct is provided substantially on a tangent to the first sidewall segment of the fluid tank and aligned to deliver a first fluid to an internal surface of the first sidewall segment.

A GMK-reactor includes —a housing, —a hollow base attached to the housing; an inverse taper narrowing downward and attached to the top of housing, —a supporting tube passing through the base including an upper portion situated inside the housing and a bottom discharge opening, —a number of washers of predetermined shapes mounted on an outer surface of the upper portion of the supporting tube such that outer edges of the washer and the inner sidewalls of the housing form predetermined gaps therebetween, and —a number of inlets tangentially attached to the base for introducing a substance and a liquid thereinto forming a circulating suspension therein. The suspension flow, under external pressure, takes a vortex, laminar or turbulent form, rises along inner sidewalls of the housing, enters the gaps, changing its direction at the inverse taper, thus forming a cavitation zone, providing for grinding, or/and mixing of the suspension.

The proposed multifunctional hydrodynamic vortex type reactor includes —a housing having curvilinear inner sidewalls, —a base attached to the housing, an inverse taper narrowing downward and attached to the top of housing, —a supporting tube passing at least through the housing and base, —a set of washers tapered downward and mounted on an outer surface of the supporting tube such that outer upper edges of the set of washers and the inner sidewalls form predetermined gaps therebetween, and —a number of inlets tangentially attached to the base for introducing, under external pressure, a solid substance and a liquid (or a suspension of their mixture) thereinto, forming a circulating flow therein. The flow forms a high speed bypassing cavitation zone and, changing its direction at the inverse taper, forms a vortex cavitation zone, providing for mixing and grinding the substance up to nanoscale sizes. Methods for intensifying cavitation are also provided.

A fluid mixer for a reactor of a hydrocarbon processing plant includes a substantially cylindrical mixing chamber, at least one first inlet for conducting first fluid to the mixing chamber from above the mixing chamber and along a side wall of the mixing chamber to produce a spiral stream in the mixing chamber, at least one second inlet for conducting second fluid tangentially into the spiral stream, and an outlet channel for conducting the first and second fluids downwards out from the mixing chamber. The outlet channel is concentric to the mixing chamber and includes a mixing structure for enhancing mixing of the first and second fluids. At least a part of the mixing structure is located below an upper edge of the outlet channel and produces turbulence in a stream of the first and second fluids flowing in the outlet channel.

A vortex flow inducer has inducer body with an interior end, an outer end and a length extending there between, and a longitudinal axis extending between the interior and the outer ends. A flow passage extends between the interior and outer ends of the inducer body. The flow passage has an inlet at the outer end and an exit at the interior end. The flow passage is swept laterally toward a side of the inducer body in a direction from the outer end toward the interior end such that the exit is laterally offset from the longitudinal axis. The interior end of the inducer body has a concave curvature. The swept flow passage and the curved interior end induce a vortex flow in a fluid flowing through the flow passage as it exits the flow passage and into a flow passage of a conduit the that extends at an angle relative to the longitudinal axis of the inducer body.

A GMK-reactor includes a housing, a hollow base attached to the housing; an inverse taper narrowing downward and attached to the top of housing, a supporting tube passing through the base including an upper portion situated inside the housing and a bottom discharge opening, a number of washers of predetermined shapes mounted on an outer surface of the upper portion of the supporting tube such that outer edges of the washer and the inner sidewalls of the housing form predetermined gaps therebetween, and a number of inlets tangentially attached to the base for introducing a substance and a liquid thereinto forming a circulating suspension therein. The suspension flow, under external pressure, takes a vortex, laminar or turbulent form, rises along inner sidewalls of the housing, enters the gaps, changing its direction at the inverse taper, thus forming a cavitation zone, providing for grinding, or/and mixing of the suspension.

The proposed multifunctional hydrodynamic vortex type reactor includesa housing having curvilinear inner sidewalls,a base attached to the housing, an inverse taper narrowing downward and attached to the top of housing,a supporting tube passing at least through the housing and base,a set of washers tapered downward and mounted on an outer surface of the supporting tube such that outer upper edges of the set of washers and the inner sidewalls form predetermined gaps therebetween, anda number of inlets tangentially attached to the base for introducing, under external pressure, a solid substance and a liquid (or a suspension of their mixture) thereinto, forming a circulating flow therein. The flow forms a high speed bypassing cavitation zone and, changing its direction at the inverse taper, forms a vortex cavitation zone, providing for mixing and grinding the substance up to nanoscale sizes. Methods for intensifying cavitation are also provided.

An artificial-whirlpool generator includes a whirlpool generating member including at least one water inlet, a whirlpool generating chamber communicating with the water inlet, and a whirlpool outlet that is formed at a lower end portion of the whirlpool generating member and communicates with the whirlpool generating chamber; a position-fixing means that fixes the whirlpool forming member such that the entirety of the whirlpool generating member or only a portion of the whirlpool generating member, including the whirlpool outlet is submerged; and a swirling flow forming unit that forces water in a waterbody to be introduced into the whirlpool generating chamber through the water inlet and rotates the introduced water in one direction around an axle provided at a center portion of the whirlpool generating chamber to form a whirlpool that descends toward the whirlpool outlet.

The present invention provides a desulfurization agent mixing system for fuel oil used in harbors, the system including: a fuel oil tank for storing fuel oil; a desulfurization agent tank for storing a desulfurization agent; a line mixer receiving and mixing the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent from the fuel oil tank and the desulfurization agent tank; a droplet atomization unit for forming droplets of a mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent, the mixture being generated by the line mixer; a magnetization unit for magnetizing the mixture in which the droplets are contained; a vortex reaction unit for turning the mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent, which is magnetized by the magnetization unit; a gas separation unit configured to separate gas contained in the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent mixture in the vortex reaction unit; a collision emulsion unit configured to cause the mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent from which the gas is separated by the gas separation unit to collide against a collision target; and an emulsion tank for storing the mixture of the fuel oil and the desulfurization agent, which is collided by the collision emulsion unit.