Acoustofluidic systems including acoustic wave generators for manipulating fluids, droplets, and micro/nano objects within a fluid suspension and related methods are disclosed herein. According to an aspect, an acoustofluidic system includes a substrate including a substrate surface. The system also includes an acoustic wave generator configured to generate acoustic streaming within an acoustic wave region of the substrate surface. Further, the acoustic wave generator is controllable to change the acoustic streaming for movement of a droplet or other micro/nano object on a fluid suspension about the acoustic wave region.

An automatic chemical solution formulating device combines and mixes stored solids and liquids into user specified formulations and dispenses those formulations into containers. Chemical solids are stored in cartridges of material separated into predetermined dosages (for example in reeled blister packs), avoiding the need for weighing during formulation. Elements include user interface, computer-controlled automated loading and unloading port for reagent-containing cartridges, cartridge conveyor system, reader for identifying cartridges, blister-pack strip drive system, punching mechanism to release reagents, portioning chamber to mix solvent with solids or liquids with optional portioning, accommodating formulation delivery port, position sensors, liquid flow measuring devices, liquid and gas pumps and valves, and label printer. The combination of these elements allows high-speed formulation and dispensing of user-specified formulations.

The method according to the present invention comprises using a high-frequency vibrating stirrer that is confirmed to include a treatment tank I, a high-frequency vibrating motor 3 fixed to a table positioned above the treatment tank 1, two vibrating rods 4 extending toward the bottom of the treatment tank 1 and coupled to the table, and multistage vibrating blades 5 mounted to the lower parts of the vibrating rods 4 and surface-plated with palladium or platinum serving as a catalyst in element transmutation, characterized in that the high frequency vibrating motor 3 is controlled by an inverter 6 so as to vibrate the multistage vibrating blades 5 at a frequency of 100-170 Hz in an aqueous solution 2 containing an element to be transmuted in the treatment tank 1, thereby transmuting the element in the aqueous solution 2 into another element. By adding heavy water to the solution to be treated, the transmutation efficiency can be elevated. By adding tritium water with an appropriate concentration as a substitute for the heavy water, the element transmutation can be completed within a short period of time and, at the same time, the tritium water that is seemingly the main cause of radioactive contamination can be effectively utilized and the radioactivity thereof can be attenuated or detoxified.

The instant disclosure provides a process for preparing a lubricant or fuel additive mixture where an oil of lubricating viscosity or fuel are blended with additives that are mixed via an acoustic mixer. The additives and oil of lubricating viscosity or fuel can mixed together or any component of the lubricant or fuel additive mixture can be mixed separately prior to mixing to form the final lubricant. The process provides for continuous mixing to form lubricant and/or fuel additive mixture final products.

A disaggregation method for NDs (nanodiamonds) comprising: sonicating NDs dispersed in water; and sedimenting non-disaggregated NDs by centrifugation. Optionally, the method includes sonicating the disaggregated NDs with CAN [(NH.sub.4).sub.2Ce(NO.sub.3).sub.6] to produce CAN modified NDs and washing to remove excess CAN. Populations of disaggregated NDs are also disclosed. In some embodiments the populations are provided as an aqueous suspension.

A disaggregation method for NDs (nanodiamonds) comprising: sonicating NDs dispersed in water; and sedimenting non-disaggregated NDs by centrifugation. Optionally, the method includes sonicating the disaggregated NDs with CAN [(NH.sub.4).sub.2Ce(NO.sub.3).sub.6] to produce CAN modified NDs and washing to remove excess CAN. Populations of disaggregated NDs are also disclosed. In some embodiments the populations are provided as an aqueous suspension.

Devices, systems, and their methods of use, for generating droplets are provided. One or more geometric parameters of a microfluidic channel can be selected to generate droplets of a desired and predictable droplet size.

A system for continuously processing a combination of materials includes a continuous process vessel having an outlet and one or more inlets. The continuous process vessel is configured to oscillate along an oscillation axis. An acoustic agitator is coupled to the continuous process vessel. The acoustic agitator is configured to oscillate the continuous process vessel along the oscillation axis. An outlet passage is in fluid communication with the outlet. At least a portion of the outlet passage or at least a portion of the continuous process vessel is disposed within a portion of the acoustic agitator.

Materials and methods for preparing electrode film mixtures and electrode films including reduced damage bulk active materials are provided. In a first aspect, a method for preparing an electrode film mixture for an energy storage device is provided, comprising providing an initial binder mixture comprising a first binder and a first active material, processing the initial binder mixture under high shear to form a secondary binder mixture, and nondestructively mixing the secondary binder mixture with a second portion of active materials to form an electrode film mixture.

Materials and methods for preparing electrode film mixtures and electrode films including reduced damage bulk active materials are provided. In a first aspect, a method for preparing an electrode film mixture for an energy storage device is provided, comprising providing an initial binder mixture comprising a first binder and a first active material, processing the initial binder mixture under high shear to form a secondary binder mixture, and nondestructively mixing the secondary binder mixture with a second portion of active materials to form an electrode film mixture.