Equipment for preparing a polymer solution of a non-ionic, cationic, anionic or amphoteric polymer by reaction between a compound including at least one aldehyde function and at least one base polymer aqueous solution having at least one non-ionic monomer includes a reactor provided with a stirring system, as well as a recirculation loop including between the outlet of the reactor and the inlet of the reactor, a recirculation pump, a pH measuring probe, and a pressure differential in-line measuring device in the form of a calibrated tube configured to measure the pressure difference of the polymer solution between the inlet and the outlet of the calibrated tube, the calibrated tube being branched on the recirculation loop.

A process for preparing a powder support containing alumina and silica or their derivatives for a catalyst of a Fischer-Tropsch type reaction, including stage (a) of preparing a first reactant containing an alumina compound or precursor including a reaction for peptization of an alumina compound or precursor in the presence of an acid, to form solid particles in suspension, stage (b) of preparing a second reactant based on silicic acid and/or on a compound or precursor of silicic acid, including a controlled aging treatment of the silicic acid targeted at its polymerization up to a degree of conversion of the silicic acid of at most 70%, stage (c) of mixing the two reactants in a mixer, and the pH of the first reactant is adjusted to a value not exceeding a given maximum pH threshold.

The reaction of sodium hypochlorite with sodium bromide is slow, and commonly only part of the bromide is converted to hypobromite. Methods to accelerate the reaction by adding a regulated amount of acid to a solution comprising bleach and bromide are provided, whereby the yield of hypobromite can be increased. The amount of acid added can be predetermined based on the content of a base in the bleach, and acid can be added to neutralize the base. The amount of acid added can be based on a measured parameter of the reaction that is indicative of reaction kinetics. For example, the amount of acid can be actively controlled by measuring pH, absorbance of visible or near Ultraviolet light, or temperature of the reacting solution and adjusting acid.

A method for continuous synthesis of acylnaphthalene includes: mixing a raw solution containing 2-methylnaphthalene with an acylation liquid to obtain an acylation reaction liquid with a molar ratio of the 2-methylnaphthalene:the acylation agent:the Lewis catalyst of 1:1.3:1.5; adding the acylation reaction liquid into a microchannel reactor and a plurality of kettle reactors connected in series to perform acylation reaction, performing hydrolysis reaction on the acylation reaction liquid immediately after the acylation reaction liquid flows out of the plurality of kettle reactors to obtain a mixed solution, and subjecting the mixed solution to separation, rectification and crystallization, to obtain 2-methyl-6-propionylnaphthalene.

The present invention relates to an improved method and device for treating biomass in which thermally treated biomass is discharged from a pressurized reactor and introduced into a blow tank, wherein the absolute pressure in the blow tank is maintained below atmospheric pressure. The slurry of biomass separated in the blow tank is then enzymatically treated.

Described are devices for and methods of modulating a fluid sample. The devices (10, 40, 60, 80, 100, 130, 160, 220) include at least one sample-modulating component (20, 76, 78, 90, 110, 112, 116, 150, 152, 154, 162, 164, 182, 184, 186, 222, and 230) and, in some embodiments, two or more sample-modulating components. The sample-modulating components are each capable of performing a function selected from the following group: concentrating the sample to increase a concentration of a first constituent of the sample; diluting the sample to decrease a concentration of a second constituent in of the sample; desalinating the sample to decrease the total moles of salt in the sample volume or causing a temporary decrease in the osmolarity; adjusting pH of the sample to bring a pH of the sample into a predetermined range; absorbing one or more nonpolar substances to decrease a concentration of the nonpolar substances; and delivering one or more reagents to the sample to provide a desired concentration of the reagent in the sample.

The invention relates to a method for preparing core-shell structured particle precursor under a co-precipitation reaction. In this method, by controlling the feeding of different types of anion compositions and/or cation compositions, and adjusting the pH to match with the species, precipitated particles are deposited to form a precipitated particle slurry, filtering, and drying the precipitated particle slurry to yield the particle precursor. The invention also provides a particle precursor which includes a core-shell structure. The shell is made of gradient anions and/or cations. Such particle precursor can be used to prepare cathode of lithium-ion battery.

A buffered suspension includes a surfactant and a solid buffer particulate having a point of zero charge at least 1.2 pH units different that the pH of the buffered suspension. The buffered suspension can be prepared by mixing a stock solution with the solid buffer particulate and titrating. A method of preforming a pH sensitive process includes drawing the buffered suspension from a reservoir, filtering the solid buffer particulate from the buffered suspension, and applying the filtered solution to a sensor.

Disclosed is a method for enhancing leaching of metals in zinc hypoxide powder by mechanochemistry coupling with sonochemistry, comprising the following: mechanical activation: a raw material containing zinc hypoxide powder is mechanically activated so that an activated material is obtained; and ultrasonic treatment: the activated material is mixed with an acidic leaching solution to obtain a mixture, the mixture is subjected to ultrasonic treatment, and a liquid phase is obtained as the leachate. Mechanochemical activation and ultrasonic chemistry synergistically enhance the leaching efficiency and leaching rate of multiple metals through the destruction and cavitation of the zinc oxide powder structure. This process can indirectly reduce the concentration of the used acidic leaching solution and shorten the leaching duration. In practical production, the specific application of the process can reduce the anticorrosion cost and running cost of reaction equipment, indirectly leading to excellent production benefit.

Some embodiments of the disclosure pertain to a plant and a process for producing a urea-containing product. The plant comprises a medium pressure dissociation unit and a high pressure CO.sub.2 stripper each receiving a part of the urea synthesis solution. Stripped urea solution is further treated in a medium pressure treatment unit.