Pressure processing systems disclosed herein comprise rotating fluid flow paths. Transfer of angular momentum between the working fluid and the fluid flow path may be configured to increase pressure within the system and/or recover energy used to increase pressure within the system. Rotation of pressure processing systems may be configured to alter working fluid pressure within the pressure processing system. Filtration and/or chemical processes may be performed within a pressure processing portion of such systems. Working fluid may be introduced or recovered from the system at various radial positions.

There are provided a method of producing a carbonyl compound by a flow type reaction, including introducing a triphosgene solution into a flow channel (I), bringing the triphosgene solution into contact with a solid catalyst immobilized in at least a part of the flow channel (I) to generate a phosgene solution while the triphosgene solution is flowing through the flow channel (I), joining the phosgene solution and an active hydrogen-containing compound solution that flows inside the flow channel (II), which are subsequently allowed to flow downstream inside a reaction flow channel to be reacted in a presence of a tertiary amine, and obtaining a carbonyl compound in a joining solution; and a flow type reaction system that is suitable for carrying out this production method.

There are provided a method of producing a carbonyl compound by a flow type reaction, including introducing a triphosgene solution, a tertiary amine solution, and an active hydrogen-containing compound solution into flow channels different from each other to cause the respective solutions to flow inside the respective flow channels, joining the respective solutions that flow inside the respective flow channels simultaneously or sequentially so that a reaction between phosgene and an active hydrogen-containing compound occurs, and obtaining a carbonyl compound in a joining solution, in which a non-aqueous organic solvent is used as a solvent of each of the respective solutions and a compound having a cyclic structure is used as the tertiary amine; and a flow type reaction system that is suitable for carrying out this production method.

An object is to provide a novel flow reactor capable of measuring the internal temperature. The flow reactor including a tubular reaction line, wherein the flow reactor further includes an internal temperature measurement unit provided at one or more location of the tubular reaction line, the internal temperature measurement unit includes a thermometer with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is inserted into the tubular reaction line.

Systems for producing performic acid and methods for producing performic acid. The systems may include two or more reactor units, two or more servient programmable logic controllers, a control panel, and a master programmable logic controller. The system may modify the production of performic acid in at least one of the two or more reactor units upon and/or after the occurrence of a disruptive event in order to maintain a desired level of performic acid production and/or a desired level of disinfection.

Disclosed is a catalyst pre-contact method for the continuous polymerization of an olefin, wherein a primary catalyst, a co-catalyst and, optionally, an external electron donor are mixed and then undergo a pre-contact reaction, with the pre-contact reaction temperature being −30° C. to 35° C. and adjustable, and the pre-contact reaction time being 0.5 min to 10 min and adjustable, and the pre-contacted catalyst is brought into a catalyst prepolymerization system and then into a catalyst polymerization system, or is directly brought into the catalyst polymerization system. Further disclosed is a catalyst pre-contact device for the continuous polymerization of an olefin, which can adjust the pre-contact time and pre-contact temperature of the catalyst so that the performance of the catalyst achieves a better level according to the process.

An object is to provide a novel flow reactor capable of measuring the internal temperature. The flow reactor including a tubular reaction line, wherein the flow reactor further includes an internal temperature measurement unit provided at one or more location of the tubular reaction line, the internal temperature measurement unit includes a thermometer with a temperature sensor, and the temperature sensor is inserted into the tubular reaction line.

An apparatus 100 for conducting chemical reactions in a process fluid is provided, comprising a central shaft 1 with a number of axial-radial rotors 3 mounted thereon, a plurality of stationary vanes 2 disposed upstream the rotor and a mixing space 4 disposed downstream of the rotor, wherein the mixing space is configured to convert mechanical energy imparted to the process fluid by the rotor into internal energy of said process fluid and to establish conditions for an at least one chemical reaction in the process fluid to occur. Related arrangement, method and uses of the apparatus are further provided.

An apparatus 100 for conducting chemical reactions in a process fluid is provided, comprising a central shaft 1 with a number of axial-radial rotors 3 mounted thereon, a plurality of stationary vanes 2 disposed upstream the rotor and a mixing space 4 disposed downstream of the rotor, wherein the mixing space is configured to convert mechanical energy imparted to the process fluid by the rotor into internal energy of said process fluid and to establish conditions for an at least one chemical reaction in the process fluid to occur. Related arrangement, method and uses of the apparatus are further provided.

A process for polymerization of vinyl chloride may include contacting vinyl chloride, demineralized water, at least one stabilizer agent, at least one dispersing agent, an initiator and optionally one or more comonomers; continuously feeding the vinyl chloride, demineralized water, at least one stabilizer agent, at least one dispersing agent, an initiator and optionally one or more comonomers into a tubular reactor having a length of at least 20 times an internal diameter of the tubular reactor; and continuously polymerizing the vinyl chloride, and optionally the one or more comonomers.