Closure plate for preloading a plate reactor comprising a stack of plates for planar flow of fluid or fluids, said flow being bounded by said plates, wherein said plates have a given width and a given length, wherein the closure plate comprises a sheet with a face to face against a top of said stack, wherein the face has a convexity lengthwise said sheet, said convexity having a convex cross-section. Plate reactor comprising one said stack of plates and said one or two closure plates for preloading. Method of manufacturing a respective closure plate for preloading and a respective plate reactor.

Disclosed is a thermochemical reactor system and method for a temperature swing cyclic process with integrated heat recovery having at least two modules, wherein each module includes at least one chemical reaction zone and at least one thermal energy storage unit. The at least two modules are operationally connected for at least one heat transfer fluid for transporting heat between the two modules. Each chemical reaction zone includes at least one reacting material that undergoes in a reversible manner an endothermic reaction at temperature T.sub.endo and an exothermic reaction at temperature T.sub.exo, wherein T.sub.endo and T.sub.exo differ from each other. The at least one reacting material is provided in at least one encapsulation within each of the chemical reaction zones such that a contact of the reacting material and the at least one heat transfer fluid is avoided.

A structured catalyst for catalyzing an endothermic reaction of a feed gas to convert it to a product gas is provided.

A reactor for the synthesis of urea comprising a vertical shell and perforated baffles or trays (3) arranged to define compartments of the reactor, wherein each baffle comprises an array of individual perforated tiles (10) wherein each tile (101) comprises side walls (101A-101D) and a top face (101F), the side walls having first perforations for the liquid and said top face having second perforations for the gas, wherein said second perforations are smaller than said first perforations, and the tiles are distributed over the baffle with a two-dimensional pattern where adjacent tiles are separated by gaps (17).

A method of producing aluminum chlorohydrate comprises adding small form aluminum metal pellets to a reactant receiving space of a reactor tank to form a pellet bed; adding aqueous hydrochloric acid to the reactant receiving space of the reactor tank; and continuously circulating the aqueous hydrochloric acid through the pellet bed. In some embodiments, the continuously circulating aqueous hydrochloric acid dispels reaction gases from the pellet bed. Methods described herein can, in some cases, further comprise consecutively adding additional small form aluminum metal pellets to the reactant receiving space of the reactor tank as the small form aluminum metal pellets are consumed in the pellet bed.

An entirely water-based, energy self-sufficient, integrated in-line waste management system is provided for comprehensive conversion of all organic fractions of municipal and wider community waste to fuels suitable for use in transportation, with all solid residues converted to high nutrition compost. The system is based on a combination of pre-treatment, involving alkaline hydrolysis and saponification; three-way separation of the pre-treated waste into different streams that are each directed to suitable further processing including fuel production; which includes biodiesel generation in a continuous-flow catalytic esterification unit, and anaerobic digestion to produce methane or other small molecule biofuel. Remaining solids are converted to compost in a quasi-continuous process.

A chemical reactor/mixer, in particular for producing hydrates comprising a mixer network plate and heat exchanger plates wherein the network mixer plate comprises an array of chambers that are connected by channels where the flow of one or more fluids is mixed and divide sequentially. The network mixer plate is confined by the heat exchanger plate that have an inner chamber where a heat exchanger fluid is introduced. Said network plates and heat exchanger plates are designed to have the option to be assembled as modules of larger processing units.

The invention relates to a device, stacked plate reactor and to a method for investigating chemical processes to be carried out simultaneously or almost at the same time on a large number of functional element variations of the process parameters.

An apparatus for the production of hydrogen from a fuel source includes a combustor configured to receive a combustor fuel and convert the combustor fuel into a combustor heat; a reformer disposed annularly about the combustor, a removable structured catalyst support disposed within the gap and coated with a catalyst to induce combustor fuel combustion reactions that convert the combustor fuel to the combustor heat, and a combustor fuel injection aperture configured for mixing combustion fuel into the combustion catalyst. The combustor fuel injection aperture being disposed along a length of the combustion zone. The reformer and the combustor define a gap therebetween and the reformer is configured to receive the combustor heat.

The present invention relates to processes and apparatus useful for (fast) ionic polymerisation of liquid monomer(s) containing reaction mixture for the production of the corresponding polymer(s).