The sodium ferrite particle powder according to the present invention is characterized in that at least one metal or more selected from the metal group consisting of silicon, aluminum, titanium, manganese, cobalt, nickel, magnesium, copper and zinc is contained in an amount of 0.05 to 20% by weight in terms of the oxide, and the molar ratio of Na/Fe is 0.75 to 1.25.

A sparsely pillared organic-inorganic hybrid compound is provided. The sparsely pillared organic-inorganic hybrid compound includes: two inorganic material layers, each extending in one direction and facing each other; and an organic material layer disposed between the two inorganic material layers, wherein each of the inorganic material layers has a gibbsite structure in which a divalent metal cation is doped to an octahedral site, and the organic material layer includes a plurality of pillar portions, each of which is chemically bound to each of the two inorganic material layers such that the two inorganic material layers are connected to each other.

The present invention is to provide a novel adsorbent which is low in cost, has versatility and high adsorption ability. Specifically, the present invention is to provide an adsorbent of a specific metal element containing a metal salt of a cyanometallic acid, a method for producing the same, and a method for removing the ion of the element that is the target of adsorption using such an adsorbent.

The present invention is to provide a novel adsorbent which is low in cost, has versatility and has high adsorption ability. Specifically, the present invention is to provide an adsorbent containing a metal salt of a cyanometallic acid obtained by a reaction of a salt of a cyanometallic acid and a compound containing a metal element, wherein the reaction is carried out using the compound containing a metal element in an amount of less than 100 mol % of the theoretical amount relative to 1 mol of the salt of a cyanometallic acid, a method of producing the same, and a method for removing harmful ions from water using such an adsorbent.

Disclosed herein is an apparatus (10) for remediation of a site contaminated by an oil spill. The apparatus (10) comprises a porous capsule (12) encapsulating material (14) for sorbing oil. The material (14) comprises granules of an at least semi-open cell polymeric foam, the granules being less than 10cm3 in size. Ingredients from which the polymeric foam is formed comprise acrylonitrile butadiene rubber as a major constituent thereof by weight.

Dry processes, apparatus, compositions and systems are provided for reducing emissions of sulfur oxides, and sulfur dioxide in particular, and/or HCl and/or Hg in a process employing a combination of a lime-based sorbent, in particular hydrated lime and/or dolomitic hydrated lime, and a sorbent doping agent administered to achieve coverage of a three-dimensional cross section of a passage carrying SO.sub.x and/or HCl and/or Hg-containing gases with a short but effective residence time at a temperature effective to provide significant sulfur dioxide and/or HCl and/or Hg reductions with high rates of reaction and sorbent utilization. The once-through, dry process can advantageously introduce the sorbent and sorbent doping agent dry or preferably as a slurry to enable uniform treatment. Preferred sorbent doping agents include water-soluble or water-dispersible copper and/or iron compositions which can be heated to an active form in situ by the flue gases being treated.

An ammonia chemical species desorption process desorbs ammonia chemical species adsorbed onto a Prussian blue derivative more simply at lower cost under milder conditions as compared with using an aqueous solution of a salt or strong acid, and only water. This ammonia chemical species desorption process includes an ammonia chemical desorption step of bringing carbon dioxide and water into contact with a Prussian blue derivative represented by the following general formula (1), thereby desorbing an ammonia chemical species.

A.sub.xM[M′(CN).sub.6].sub.y.zH.sub.2O  (1)

where x is 0 to 3, y is 0.1 to 1.5, z is 0 to 6, A is at least one cation of hydrogen, ammonium, an alkaline metal, and an alkaline earth metal, and M and M′ are each independently at least one cation of at least one of atoms having atomic numbers 3 to 83 except for ammonium, an alkali metal, and an alkaline earth metal.

The present disclosure is directed to methods for scrubbing low levels of urea from aqueous solutions such as a dialysate from dialysis, and including blood and blood products, and devices capable of employing these methods.

An ammonia-based multi-zone double-loop process for ultra-low emission of multi-pollutant. From an absorption tower inlet, the flue gas successively passes through cooling concentration crystallization, sulfur oxide absorption, water washing and purifying and dust and mist removing zones, which are separated by gas permeable liquid collecting plates, forming clean flue gas and discharged from an outlet. The cooling concentration crystallization zone, the sulfur oxide absorption zone, and the water washing and purifying zone are respectively provided with a plurality of sprayers, and respectively use a concentration liquid, an absorption liquid, and a water washing liquid as spraying liquids. The absorption, concentration and water washing liquids, after converging respectively, into absorption, concentration crystallization and water washing circulation tanks, the absorption, concentration and water washing liquids, respectively, are sprayed in a circulating manner through absorption, concentration and water washing pumps.

The present disclosure is directed to methods for scrubbing low levels of urea from aqueous solutions such as a dialysate from dialysis, and including blood and blood products, and devices capable of employing these methods.