The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

Disclosed is an apparatus for preparing phosphoric acid from a fume exiting the kiln in a kiln phosphoric acid process, the apparatus comprises a hydration tower and an acid solution cyclical spraying system, a fume inlet of the fume exiting the kiln is disposed at a lower portion of the hydration tower, a fume outlet after hydration and absorption is disposed at the top, a spraying device is disposed in a cavity of the hydration tower above the fume inlet, a liquid inlet of the acid solution cyclical spraying system is disposed on a bottom of the hydration tower, a liquid outlet of the acid solution cyclical spraying system is connected to a liquid intake pipe of the spraying device. The present invention has the advantages of simple structure, reasonable layout, strong adaptability, high raw material utilization rate, reduced contaminant emissions, and high recovery rate of phosphoric acid etc.

The present invention provides an improved process for removing heat from an exothermic reaction. In particular, the present invention provides a process wherein heat can be removed from multiple reaction trains using a common coolant system.

Integrated systems are provided for the production of higher hydrocarbon compositions, for example liquid hydrocarbon compositions, from methane using an oxidative coupling of methane system to convert methane to ethylene, followed by conversion of ethylene to selectable higher hydrocarbon products. Integrated systems and processes are provided that process methane through to these higher hydrocarbon products.

The present disclosure provides oxidative coupling of methane (OCM) systems for small scale and world scale production of olefins. An OCM system may comprise an OCM subsystem that generates a product stream comprising C.sub.2+ compounds and non-C.sub.2+ impurities from methane and an oxidizing agent. At least one separations subsystem downstream of, and fluidically coupled to, the OCM subsystem can be used to separate the non-C.sub.2+ impurities from the C.sub.2+ compounds. A methanation subsystem downstream and fluidically coupled to the OCM subsystem can be used to react H.sub.2 with CO and/or CO.sub.2 in the non-C.sub.2+ impurities to generate methane, which can be recycled to the OCM subsystem. The OCM system can be integrated in a non-OCM system, such as a natural gas liquids system or an existing ethylene cracker.

In some examples, hydrocarbon feed and a diluent such as steam are mixed, and heated. A vapor phase product and a liquid phase product can be separated from the heated mixture. The liquid phase product can be hydroprocessed to produce a first hydroprocessed product. A pitch and one or more hydrocarbon products can be separated from the first hydroprocessed product. The pitch can be contacted with a diluent to produce a pitch-diluent mixture. The pitch-diluent mixture can be hydroprocessed to produce a second hydroprocessed product. A hydroprocessor heavy product and a utility fluid product can be separated from the second hydroprocessed product. The diluent can be or include at least a portion of the utility fluid product. The vapor phase product can be steam cracked to produce a steam cracker effluent. A tar product and a process gas that can include ethylene and propylene can be separated from the steam cracker effluent.

The ammonia synthesis system of the present invention includes an ammonia synthesis reaction unit (10) that synthesizes ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen; an ammonia cooler (20) that cools an ammonia-containing gas discharged from the ammonia synthesis reaction unit (10); a gas-liquid separator (30) that separates ammonia liquefied by the ammonia cooler (20) from a circulated gas; and an ammonia synthesizing gas supplying unit (40) that supplies nitrogen gas and hydrogen gas, the circulated gas being supplied to the ammonia synthesis reaction unit, the circulated gas supplied to the ammonia synthesis unit having an ammonia gas concentration of 3% by volume or more. The method for producing ammonia of the present invention includes reacting nitrogen and hydrogen using a circulated gas having an ammonia gas concentration of 3% by volume or more and using an ammonia synthesis catalyst under a condition of a reaction pressure of 10 MPa or less to produce ammonia. The present invention can provide an ammonia synthesis system and an ammonia production method in which an energy required for producing ammonia is reduced.

The present disclosure relates to a heat exchange system which is capable of saving energy consumed in a whole process by exchanging heat of different streams from each other, included in a continuous preparation system of a diester-based composition.

A continuous flow process and system for depolymerizing plastic. A heterogeneous mixture of solid plastic particles, a solvent, and a catalyst are pumped continuously through a heating zone at a flow rate resulting in a particle speed sufficient to keep the plastic particles in suspension. The heterogeneous mixture is heated in the heating zone and maintained in a hold zone to complete depolymerization of the mixture into a homogeneous solution containing a liquefied reaction product. The homogeneous solution is cooled to solidify and precipitate a solid reaction product. The solid reaction product is separated from the solvent to be recycled. Contaminants are removed from the solvent, and the solvent is recirculated for use as a constituent of the heterogeneous mixture.

An organic carbonisation system (OCS) and method therefor that includes a reactor vessel, a circulation fan, a separator, and a gas heating system arranged in a pressurised heating circuit filled with heating gas. The heating gas heats a feed of waste organic matter in a pressurised oxygen deficient environment in the reactor vessel under conditions for its carbonisation. The OCs further includes a separator and a cooling system for cooling carbonised organic waste from the reactor vessel.