Provided herein are compositions, devices, systems and methods for DNA oligomer synthesis. Further provided are devices comprising addressable electrodes controlling polynucleotide synthesis (deprotection, extension, or cleavage, etc.). The compositions, devices, systems and methods described herein provide improved synthesis, storage, density, and retrieval of biomolecule-based information.

Provided is a fabrication method of print head of MCM device formed micro patterned air gap capable of picoliter-scale droplet printing, and more particularly, is characterized in that comprising preparing silicon wafer 10 washed by piranha solution at step A, stacking silicon nitride films 20 and 20′ up front surface and back surface of prepared silicon wafer at step B, drying after applying photoresists 30 and 30′ to top surface and bottom surface of the silicon nitride film 20 and 20′ at step C, removing partially the photoresists through pre-determined pattern by irradiation of ultraviolet after arranging photomask 40 formed through pre-determined pattern in any one side of the photoresists 30 and 30′ at step D, forming sample droplet storage space opening by removing silicon nitride film 21 contacted to photoresists removed by pre-determined pattern at step E, removing the photoresists 30 and 30′ stacked up the silicon nitride film 20 and 20′ at step F, forming sample droplet storage space 50 by etching the silicon wafer at step G, and forming sample droplet opening 60 by irradiating ultrasonic waves at step H.

Provided is a method of constructing a sequencing library. The method includes 1) providing a single-stranded DNA fragment from a biological sample; 2) subjecting the single-stranded DNA fragment to whole genomic amplification to obtain a whole genome amplification product; 3) fragmenting the whole genome amplification product using a transposase embedded with two adaptors to obtain a fragmented product with two adaptors respectively at two ends; and 4) amplifying the fragmented product with two adaptors respectively at two ends using a tag sequence and a pair of primers to obtain said sequencing library.

A method including (a) providing an amplification reagent including an array of sites, and a solution having different target nucleic acids; and (b) reacting the amplification reagent to produce amplification sites each having a clonal population of amplicons from a target nucleic acid from the solution. The reacting can include simultaneously transporting the nucleic acids to the sites at an average transport rate, and amplifying the nucleic acids that transport to the sites at an average amplification rate, wherein the average amplification rate exceeds the average transport rate. The reacting can include producing a first amplicon from a nucleic acid that transports to each of the sites, and producing subsequent amplicons from the nucleic acid or from the first amplicon, wherein the average rate at which the subsequent amplicons are generated exceeds the average rate at which the first amplicon is generated.

De novo synthesized large libraries of nucleic acids are provided herein with low error rates. Further, devices for the manufacturing of high-quality building blocks, such as oligonucleotides, are described herein. Longer nucleic acids can be synthesized in parallel using microfluidic assemblies. Further, methods herein allow for the fast construction of large libraries of long, high-quality genes. Devices for the manufacturing of large libraries of long and high-quality nucleic acids are further described herein.

The present invention is drawn to the generation of micropatterns of biomolecules and cells on standard laboratory materials through selective ablation of a physisorbed biomolecule with oxygen plasma. In certain embodiments, oxygen plasma is able to ablate selectively physisorbed layers of biomolecules (e.g., type-I collagen, fibronectin, laminin, and Matrigel) along complex non-linear paths which are difficult or impossible to pattern using alternative methods. In addition, certain embodiments of the present invention relate to the micropatterning of multiple cell types on curved surfaces, multiwell plates, and flat bottom flasks. The invention also features kits for use with the subject methods.

Multi-stage sample-recovery systems, including automated 2-stage and 3-stage sample-recovery systems, are provided. Such systems enable the rapid screening and recovery of samples, including viable cell-based samples, from high-throughput screening systems, including systems utilizing large-scale arrays of microcapillaries. In specific screening systems, each microcapillary comprises a solution containing a variant protein, an immobilized target molecule, and a reporter element. Immobilized target molecules may include any molecule of interest, including proteins, nucleic acids, carbohydrates, and other biomolecules. The association of a variant protein with a molecular target is assessed by measuring a signal from the reporter element. The contents of microcapillaries identified in the assays as containing variant proteins of interest can be identified and recovered using the multi-stage systems disclosed herein.

The invention proceeds from an apparatus for analyzing reactions, comprising a starting material distributor (7) and at least two reactors (3) which are connected in parallel and are each connected via a connecting conduit (5) to an outlet of the starting material distributor (7). To set the inflow, a pressure regulator (33) and a restrictor (19) are installed in each connecting conduit (5) between the starting material distributor (7) and the reactors (3) or an outlet conduit (13) in which a restrictor (19) and a pressure regulator (33) are installed branches off from each connecting conduit (5).

The invention further relates to a method for analyzing reactions in such an apparatus.

A method including (a) providing an amplification reagent including an array of sites, and a solution having different target nucleic acids; and (b) reacting the amplification reagent to produce amplification sites each having a clonal population of amplicons from a target nucleic acid from the solution. The reacting can include simultaneously transporting the nucleic acids to the sites at an average transport rate, and amplifying the nucleic acids that transport to the sites at an average amplification rate, wherein the average amplification rate exceeds the average transport rate. The reacting can include producing a first amplicon from a nucleic acid that transports to each of the sites, and producing subsequent amplicons from the nucleic acid or from the first amplicon, wherein the average rate at which the subsequent amplicons are generated exceeds the average rate at which the first amplicon is generated.

Analysis of a system and/or sample involves the use of absorption-encoded micro beads. Each type of micro bead is encoded with amounts of the k dyes in a proportional relationship that is different from proportional relationships of the k dyes of others of the n types of absorption-encoded micro beads. A system and/or a sample can be analyzed using information obtained from detecting the one or more types of absorption-encoded micro beads.