An internal loop airlift reactor (ILAR) for process intensification integrating reaction and separation includes a riser, a downcomer, a hydrocyclone, internals preventing occurrence of dead zone, a gas guide cone, vent holes, and a gas-liquid integrated distributor. The hydrocyclone is arranged at the bottom of the ILAR downcomer; the gas guide cone and the vent holes in the downcomer prevent the gas from entering the hydrocyclone; after the slurry enters the hydrocyclone, the solid-containing slurry enters the riser again from the hydrocyclone underflow, and the solid-free clean product flows out through the hydrocyclone overflow. The ILAR in the present invention has a simple structure and low cost and requires no special liquid-solid separation device. It can achieve gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, interphase mass transfer, and solid-liquid separation simultaneously, and is suitable for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction in which the catalyst is solid particles.

A reactor comprising a plurality of vessels, each having a heat exchange surface for processing a fluid as a thin film flow, the vessels arranged in a concentric manner; a plurality of annular spaces situated between the vessels; and a pathway for directing a heat exchange fluid from one vessel to an adjacent vessel for creating a temperature differential between the heat exchange surfaces and the fluid being processed. A system comprising a fluid source, a reactor, and a vapor outlet and a processed fluid outlet through generated vapor and processed fluid are directed out of the reactor, respectively. A method comprising providing a plurality of concentrically arranged surfaces in spaced relation, distributing a fluid to be processed against the surfaces in a controlled manner to form a substantially uniform thin film flow thereon, and evaporating at least a portion of the fluid being processed along the plurality of surfaces.

An internal loop airlift reactor (ILAR) for process intensification integrating reaction and separation includes a riser, a downcomer, a hydrocyclone, internals preventing occurrence of dead zone, a gas guide cone, vent holes, and a gas-liquid integrated distributor. The hydrocyclone is arranged at the bottom of the ILAR downcomer; the gas guide cone and the vent holes in the downcomer prevent the gas from entering the hydrocyclone; after the slurry enters the hydrocyclone, the solid-containing slurry enters the riser again from the hydrocyclone underflow, and the solid-free clean product flows out through the hydrocyclone overflow. The ILAR in the present invention has a simple structure and low cost and requires no special liquid-solid separation device. It can achieve gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction, interphase mass transfer, and solid-liquid separation simultaneously, and is suitable for a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction in which the catalyst is solid particles.

Disclosed are insert assemblies with stacked gas flow gaps to add and/or remove gases from a solid/gas mixture travelling through a barrier. An example system may comprise a barrier and an insert assembly in the barrier defining an annulus between the insert assembly and the barrier, wherein the insert assembly comprises stacked flow gaps configured for addition and/or removal of gas from a solid/gas mixture flowing in the annulus.

A polyolefin production system is provided. The polyolefin production system includes a plurality of gas-phase polymerization tanks configured to polymerize an olefin gas to form a polyolefin, a gas transfer series line connecting the plurality of the gas-phase polymerization tanks to each other in series, a compressor having an inlet and an outlet and being configured to compress an olefin-containing gas, a gas main feed line disposed at the frontmost gas-phase polymerization tank and configured to guide the gas fed from the outlet of the compressor to the frontmost gas-phase polymerization tank, a gas discharge line disposed at the rearmost gas-phase polymerization tank, and a first valve installed in the gas main feed line.

A polyolefin production system is provided. The polyolefin production system includes a plurality of gas-phase polymerization tanks configured to polymerize an olefin gas to form a polyolefin, a compressor comprising an inlet and an outlet and being configured to compress a an olefin-containing gas, an individual gas feed line disposed at each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks and configured to guide the gas fed from the outlet of the compressor to each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks, an individual gas discharge line disposed at each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks and discharging the gas from each of the gas-phase polymerization tanks, and a first valve installed in each of the individual gas feed lines.

The present invention relates to a gas/liquid reactor for the oligomerization of gaseous ethylene, comprising a central pipe which delimits inside the reactor chamber a central zone allowing a descending flow and an outer zone allowing an ascending flow, thus making it possible to increase the time of travel of the injected gas bubbles in the liquid phase, without increasing the volume of the liquid phase and thus the volume of the reactor.

A method and device for lightening heavy oil by utilizing a suspension-bed hydrogenation process are provided. In the process, a part of a raw oil is mixed with a suspension-bed hydrocracking catalyst to form a first mixture, then the first mixture is subjected to first shear and second shear in sequence so as to realize high dispersion and mixing of the catalyst and the raw oil; through pretreatment of the raw oil, the device can prevent the raw oil from coking in the hydrogenation process; through the adoption of a suspension-bed reactor with a liquid phase self-circulation function or a cold-wall function; and light and heavy components are separated from the suspension-bed hydrogenated product in advance and only medium component is subjected to fixed-bed hydrogenation, thereby reducing the load of the fixed-bed hydrogenation, prolonging the service life of the fixed-bed catalyst, improving the yield and quality of gasoline and diesel, and being beneficial for energy conservation and emission reduction of the whole system.

The invention relates to a reactor in the form of a VK tube (VK: simplified continuous), for the polymerisation of polyamides, the reactor being subdivided into an upper and lower reactor region, which are controllable independently of each other. Likewise, the invention relates to a method for the production of polyamides in which such a reactor is used.

A flow-through electric arc system includes a chamber within an insulated sleeve having an anode at one end of the insulated sleeve and a cathode at a distal end of the insulated sleeve. Fluid flows from an inlet of the chamber, around the insulated sleeve, then through the insulated sleeve where it is exposed to an electric arc formed between the anode and cathode. The fluid and gases then flow out of an outlet of the chamber and through a baffle that extracts the gases from the fluid so that the fluid is returned for repeated exposure to the electric arc.