A method of preheating a feed to a molten material reactor comprises heating a hydrocarbon feed in a first heat exchanger using a cooled product gas to produce a heated hydrocarbon feed stream, pyrolyzing at least a portion of the C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons in the heated feed stream in a pyrolysis reactor to produce a pyrolyzed hydrocarbon stream, and heating the pyrolyzed hydrocarbon stream in a second heat exchanger using a product gas to produce a pre-heated feed gas. The heated hydrocarbon feed stream comprises methane and one or more C.sub.2+ hydrocarbons.

A process for producing diazomethane of Formula 1 (CH.sub.2N.sub.2), with an automated apparatus is described. A stock solution of N-methyl-N-nitroso amine in an organic solvent is continuously flown and mixed with an aqueous inorganic base at a T-mixer to form a mixture. Then it is passed through a capillary micro reactor at a temperature in a range of 20 to 30° C. to form diazomethane. The mixture is separated into an aqueous layer and an organic layer using a continuous flow micro-separator. The organic layer has 0.1-0.4 M diazomethane. The organic layer is reacted with a carboxylic acid, phenol, an alkyne, an anhydride, a carboxyl metal organic framework (MOF), or MOF coated cotton to form a corresponding ester, a pyrazole, an ether, a diazo ketone, a stable carboxyl MOF or a stable MOF coated cotton fiber.

Embodiments of the present disclosure provide for methods of making quantum dots (QDs) (passivated or unpassivated) using a continuous flow process, systems for making QDs using a continuous flow process, and the like. In one or more embodiments, the QDs produced using embodiments of the present disclosure can be used in solar photovoltaic cells, bio-imaging, IR emitters, or LEDs.

Systems and methods for synthesizing chemical products, including active pharmaceutical ingredients, are provided. Certain of the systems and methods described herein are capable of manufacturing multiple chemical products without the need to fluidically connect or disconnect unit operations when switching from one making chemical product to making another chemical product.

Reactors are provided that can include a first set of fluid channels and a second set of fluid channels oriented in thermal contact with the first set of fluid channels. The reactor assemblies can also provide where the channels of either one or both of the first of the set of fluid channels are non-linear. Other implementations provide for at least one of the first set of fluid channels being in thermal contact with a plurality of other channels of the second set of fluid channels. Reactor assemblies are also provided that can include a first set of fluid channels defining at least one non-linear channel having a positive function, and a second set of fluid channels defining at least another non-linear channel having a negative function in relation to the positive function of the one non-linear channel of the first set of fluid channels. Processes for distributing energy across a reactor are provided. The processes can include transporting reactants via a first set of fluid channels to a second set of fluid channels, and thermally engaging at least one of the first set of fluid channels with at least two of the second set of fluid channels.

A silicon carbide flow reactor fluidic module comprises a monolithic closed-porosity silicon carbide body, a tortuous fluid passage extending through the silicon carbide body, the tortuous fluid passage having an interior surface, and one or more thermal control fluid passages also extending through the silicon carbide body, the interior surface having a surface roughness of less than 10 μm Ra. A process for forming such modules is also disclosed.

A recirculating micro-combustor device and a method of formation includes an array of reactors contacting each other. Each reactor includes a front wall; an end wall oppositely positioned to the front wall; a pair of edge walls connecting the front wall to the end wall; an inlet port positioned in the front wall; a pair of outlet ports positioned in the front wall; and a combustion chamber connected to the inlet port and positioned between the front wall and the end wall. The combustion chamber includes a pair of inner walls defining a first area to accommodate a chemical combustion therein, and a pair of second areas to accommodate an exhaust of a reaction of the chemical combustion. The pair of second areas connect to the pair of outlet ports. Adjacent edge walls of adjacent reactors directly contact each other to form the array of reactors.

A reaction processor is provided with a reaction processing vessel in which a channel is formed, a liquid feeding system, a temperature control system for providing a high temperature region and a low temperature region to the channel, and a fluorescence detector for detecting the sample passing through a fluorescence detection region of the channel, and a CPU for controlling the liquid feeding system based on a signal that is detected. A target stop position X.sup.[L].sub.0(n+1) of the sample in the low temperature region in an (n+1)th cycle is corrected from a target stop position X.sup.[L].sub.0(n) of the sample in the low temperature region in the nth cycle based on the result of stopping control on the sample in the nth cycle.

A packing device for mass and heat transfer with a subject fluid includes a housing having opposing ends, and subject fluid openings at each opposing end defining a subject fluid flow path for at least one subject fluid flowing through the packing device. A plurality of mass and heat transfer plates each include an interior heat exchange fluid channel disposed between interior heat transfer surfaces of the mass and heat transfer plates. A heat exchange fluid inlet and fluid outlet can supply and remove heat exchange fluid to the heat exchange fluid channels of the mass and heat transfer plates. The mass and heat transfer plates can be oriented to define there between fluid flow channels for the subject fluid. A method and system for mass and heat transfer with a subject fluid, and a method and system for the removal of CO.sub.2 from a gas stream are disclosed.

A method for continuous synthesis of acylnaphthalene includes: mixing a raw solution containing 2-methylnaphthalene with an acylation liquid to obtain an acylation reaction liquid with a molar ratio of the 2-methylnaphthalene:the acylation agent:the Lewis catalyst of 1:1.3:1.5; adding the acylation reaction liquid into a microchannel reactor and a plurality of kettle reactors connected in series to perform acylation reaction, performing hydrolysis reaction on the acylation reaction liquid immediately after the acylation reaction liquid flows out of the plurality of kettle reactors to obtain a mixed solution, and subjecting the mixed solution to separation, rectification and crystallization, to obtain 2-methyl-6-propionylnaphthalene.