A system is described that is capable of operating as an energy conversion system that functions as a fuel cell and generates electrical current from a fuel or fuels, or as a reactor for conversion of starter materials into more complex molecules through ion-ion and ion-molecules and which may preferably be adapted to operate as a gas to liquid (GTL) process. The system ionises at least one fuel or starter material and manipulates, selects and transports ions for reaction by means of suitable electrostatic or electrodynamic ion guides, filters or drift tubes. The system of the present application replaces the electrolyte, catalyst and/or membrane found in classic fuel cells or GTL processes with an electrostatic or electrodynamic ion manipulation region such as an ion guide, analyser, drift tube or filter.

A pressure sensor (100) for a measuring system (10) measuring concentrations of gaseous and/or aerosol components of a gas mixture with a reaction carrier (14), with a flow channel (42). The flow channel (42) forms a reaction chamber (46) with a reactant (48), that enters into an optically detectable reaction, and with a measuring device (12) with a gas port unit (5) connecting an inlet channel (16) and an outlet channel (18) to the flow channel (42) and a gas delivery unit (28). The pressure sensor (100) measures a pressure difference of a gas mixture flowing through the gas delivery assembly unit (2) and/or the flow channel (42) of the reaction carrier (14) and has an elastic element (102), which is configured to undergo deformation as a function of the pressure difference. A measuring method, a measuring device and a reaction carrier for such a measuring system are also provided.

An improved microreactor for use in microscopy, use of said microreactor, and a microscope comprising said reactor. The present invention is in the field of microscopy, specifically in the field of electron and focused ion beam microscopy (EM and FIB), and in particular Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM). However its application is extendable in principle to any field of microscopy, especially wherein characteristics of a (solid) specimen (or sample) are studied in detail, such as during a reaction.

The present invention discloses a processing system and processing method for blocked microreactor. The processing system comprises an air intake device, a flushing device, a microreactor to be processed and a plasma processing device. One end of the microreactor to be processed is connected with the air intake device and the flushing device through a pipeline; the other end of the microreactor to be processed is connected with a waste liquid bottle through the pipeline; and the microreactor to be processed is arranged between electrodes of the plasma processing device. The present invention uses the effective reactivity of plasma and active free radicals in an excitation atmosphere to crack micro blockage in a micro channel in a short time. The method of the present invention has high flexibility and strong controllability, and can select plasma electrodes according to blocked regions to crack the blockage in a specific region.

A system is described that is capable of operating as an energy conversion system that functions as a fuel cell and generates electrical current from a fuel or fuels, or as a reactor for conversion of starter materials into more complex molecules through ion-ion and ion-molecules and which may preferably be adapted to operate as a gas to liquid (GTL) process. The system ionises at least one fuel or starter material and manipulates, selects and transports ions for reaction by means of suitable electrostatic or electrodynamic ion guides, filters or drift tubes. The system of the present application replaces the electrolyte, catalyst and/or membrane found in classic fuel cells or GTL processes with an electrostatic or electrodynamic ion manipulation region such as an ion guide, analyser, drift tube or filter.

The present invention is related to an electrochemical reactor (1) and a microfluidic platform (20) comprising this reactor (1), controlling pH in a closed environment, wherein this reactor (1) comprises at least one cell (2), wherein each cell (2) containing at least one micro-well (3a) able to contain a liquid and reagents and a cap (7) to close the said cell (2) and wherein the cell (2) further comprises at least one working electrode (5) producing reversible REDOX reactions.

The present invention provides a method for producing a β myosin heavy chain in cardiac muscle cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from Homo sapiens. In the present method, first, a liquid culture medium containing the cardiac muscle cells is supplied onto a substrate comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and insulative fibers on the surface thereof. At least a part of the insulative fibers is located between the first electrode and the second electrode in a top view of the substrate. Then, the substrate is left at rest. Finally, the cardiac muscle cells are cultivated, while a pulse electric current is applied to the cardiac muscle cells through the first electrode and the second electrode.

A system is described that is capable of operating as an energy conversion system that functions as a fuel cell and generates electrical current from a fuel or fuels, or as a reactor for conversion of starter materials into more complex molecules through ion-ion and ion-molecules and which may preferably be adapted to operate as a gas to liquid (GTL) process. The system ionises at least one fuel or starter material and manipulates, selects and transports ions for reaction by means of suitable electrostatic or electrodynamic ion guides, filters or drift tubes. The system of the present application replaces the electrolyte, catalyst and/or membrane found in classic fuel cells or GTL processes with an electrostatic or electrodynamic ion manipulation region such as an ion guide, analyser, drift tube or filter.

The present invention provides a method for producing a myosin heavy chain in cardiac muscle cells differentiated from induced pluripotent stem cells derived from Homo sapiens. In the present method, first, a liquid culture medium containing the cardiac muscle cells is supplied onto a substrate comprising a first electrode, a second electrode and insulative fibers on the surface thereof. At least a part of the insulative fibers is located between the first electrode and the second electrode in a top view of the substrate. Then, the substrate is left at rest. Finally, the cardiac muscle cells are cultivated, while a pulse electric current is applied to the cardiac muscle cells through the first electrode and the second electrode.

A reactor configuration comprises an inlet section I, a preheating section II, a transition section III, a reaction section IV and an outlet section V; except for the preheating section II and the reaction section IV, the existence of the inlet section I, the transition section III and the outlet section V depends on reaction conditions; and the process realizes no coke deposition synthesis of methane and high selectivity synthesis of ethylene. The methane conversion rate is 20-90%; ethylene selectivity is 65-95%; propylene and butylene selectivity is 5-25%; aromatic hydrocarbon selectivity is 0-30%; and coke deposition is zero.