Chemical processors are configured to reduce mass, work in conjunction with solar concentrators, and/or house porous inserts in microchannel or mesochannel devices made by additive manufacturing. Methods of making chemical processors containing porous inserts by additive manufacturing are also disclosed.

A micro-reactor for a reforming process has a cold side and a hot side opposite the cold side. Inlets are defined in the cold side, the inlets configured for receiving reagents. An outlet is defined in the cold side, the outlet configured for exiting reforming products. A reforming chamber is in the hot side, the reforming chamber having a catalyst, the reforming chamber configured for reforming the reagents into the reforming products, the reforming chamber including channels extending toward an end surface on the hot side of the reforming chamber, and a return plenum. A reagent path is from the inlets to the reforming chamber, the reagent path configured to feed the plurality of channels with reagents. A reforming product path is from the reforming chamber to the outlet, the reforming product path configured to receive products from the return plenum.

An apparatus for preparing polyalpha-olefins has an input unit (1), a microchannel reactor (2), and a post-treatment unit (3) that are successively connected. The input unit has a mixer and/or pipeline(s) for delivering an olefin raw material, an auxiliary feed and a BF.sub.3 catalyst to the microchannel reactor (2). The apparatus and process that utilizes the apparatus allow flexible and rapid mixing of the catalyst, the auxiliary feed and the olefin raw material, and have the advantages of high polymerization reaction speed, good mass and heat transfer effects, high reaction conversion, good product selectivity and excellent performance, thereby being suitable for large-scale industrial production.

There are provided a method of producing a carbonyl compound by a flow type reaction, including introducing a triphosgene solution into a flow channel (I), bringing the triphosgene solution into contact with a solid catalyst immobilized in at least a part of the flow channel (I) to generate a phosgene solution while the triphosgene solution is flowing through the flow channel (I), joining the phosgene solution and an active hydrogen-containing compound solution that flows inside the flow channel (II), which are subsequently allowed to flow downstream inside a reaction flow channel to be reacted in a presence of a tertiary amine, and obtaining a carbonyl compound in a joining solution; and a flow type reaction system that is suitable for carrying out this production method.

A reactor for oxidizing low concentrations of methane in air or other oxidizable fluid mixtures using a porous heat exchanger and a non-porous heat exchanger and an activation zone that allows the oxidation of very weak streams of methane in air or of other oxidizable fluid mixtures.

A reactor system for thermally treating a hydrocarbon-containing stream includes a pressure containment vessel having an interior chamber defined by a first end, a second end, and at least one sidewall extending from the first end to the second end. A heat transfer medium converts electrical current to heat is positioned within the interior chamber of the pressure containment vessel, and the heat transfer medium has a first end face, a second end face, and channels extending between the first end face and the second end face. A heat sink reservoir includes molten salt, and at least one of a heater or heat exchanger is fluidly coupled to the heat transfer medium and thermally coupled to the heat sink reservoir.

Chemical processors are configured to reduce mass, work in conjunction with solar concentrators, and/or house porous inserts in microchannel or mesochannel devices made by additive manufacturing. Methods of making chemical processors containing porous inserts by additive manufacturing are also disclosed.

This disclosure provides a method for quantum dots ligand exchanges and an apparatus of the same. The method includes providing a first ligand modified quantum dot, a second ligand and a first polymer. The method includes mixing the first ligand modified quantum dot, the second ligand and the first polymer in a solvent to perform the first ligand exchange, so as to obtain a second modified quantum dot. The first polymer contains a first functional group, which can have a first reaction with the first ligand, but do not react with the second ligand under the same conditions.

Chemical processors are configured to reduce mass, work in conjunction with solar concentrators, and/or house porous inserts in microchannel or mesochannel devices made by additive manufacturing. Methods of making chemical processors containing porous inserts by additive manufacturing are also disclosed.

A reactor includes: a heat exchange section including: a first flow channel configured to flow a reaction fluid and a second flow channel configured to flow a heat medium; an introduction path for a temperature sensor, extending from an insertion opening provided on a side surface of the heat exchange section to the first flow channel or the second flow channel; a pipe for a temperature sensor, connected to a side surface of the heat exchange section and communicating with the introduction path through the insertion opening; and a jig provided in the pipe. The jig is provided with a guide hole extending from the base end toward the tip end and opened toward the insertion opening of the introduction path. The guide hole is provided with a tapered hole directed from the base end toward the tip end.