A coated substrate (2a, 2b) adapted for hydrocarbon adsorption having at least one surface, and a coating on the at least one surface, the coating comprising particulate carbon and a binder, wherein the particulate carbon has a BET surface area of at least about 1300 m.sup.2/g; and at least one of: (i) a butane affinity of greater than 60% at 5% butane; (ii) a butane affinity of greater than 35% at 0.5% butane; (iii) a micropore volume greater than about 0.2 ml/g and a mesopore volume greater than about 0.5 ml/g. A bleed emission scrubber (1) and an evaporative emission control canister system (30) comprising the coated substrate (2a, 2b) are provided. They can control evaporative hydrocarbon emissions and may provide low diurnal breathing loss (DBL) emissions even under a low purge condition.

A method for separating classes of hydrocarbon compounds from a feed stream including a hydrocarbon mixture is disclosed. The method includes the steps of passing a feed stream through a plurality of separation units arranged in a series in any order, wherein each separation unit has an adsorbent material; and separating classes of hydrocarbon compounds from the feed stream. When one of the plurality of separation units comprises an adsorbent material that is a metal organic framework selected from a zirconium, hafnium, cerium, or titanium-based metal organic framework, then another plurality of separation units includes an adsorption material that is different from the metal organic framework. The method is conducted in a liquid phase. The method can also use a single separation unit with a continuous cyclic bed apparatus. The method can be combined with refining and downstream processes.

A system and process for the recovery of at least one halogenated hydrocarbon from a gas stream. The recovery includes adsorption by exposing the gas stream to an adsorbent with a lattice structure having pore diameters with an average pore opening of between about 5 and about 50 angstroms. The adsorbent is then regenerated by exposing the adsorbent to a purge gas under conditions which efficiently desorb the at least one adsorbed halogenated hydrocarbon from the adsorbent. The at least one halogenated hydrocarbon (and impurities or reaction products) can be condensed from the purge gas and subjected to fractional distillation to provide a recovered halogenated hydrocarbon.

A column for removal of a component from a fluid is disclosed. The column has a compartment with a cross sectional area. The compartment contains beads having a diameter. A ligand selected to bind to the component is coupled to the beads. The cross-sectional area and bead diameter are selected to maintain a flow velocity of the fluid within the compartment below a first threshold, thereby reducing leaching of the ligand into the fluid. Also described herein is an adsorbent comprising a ligand that is attached to a substrate by an amine bond, wherein the ligand is resistant to dissociation from the substrate.

The invention relates to a technique for handling liquid radioactive waste from a nuclear fuel-energy cycle, and may be used in a process for processing liquid radioactive waste for maximally reducing the volume thereof and removing radionuclides by concentrating same in a solid phase. The aim is achieved by means of a method for processing liquid radioactive waste and for the recovery thereof, including waste oxidation, separating sludge, colloids and suspended particles from a liquid phase, and removing, from the liquid phase, radionuclides to be subsequently recovered using selective sorbents and filters; the method is characterized in that, prior to the stage for separating sludge, colloids and suspended particles from the liquid phase of the radioactive waste, selective sorbents in the form of powders are added and mixed into the liquid waste.

The present disclosure is directed to methods and systems of purifying solvents. The purified solvents can be used for cleaning a semiconductor substrate in a multistep semiconductor manufacturing process.

Method and systems are disclosed for the removal of metal contaminants from aqueous mediums. In an example, a chamber contains activated sorptive media and a primary ligand and optionally, a secondary ligand that has been loaded onto the activated sorptive media using hydraulic loading. A pre-treatment of the sorptive media, a specific volume of the activated sorptive media within the chamber, specific pH ranges of aqueous mediums, and hydraulic loading of the primary ligand and optionally, a secondary ligand, known as dynamic fluidized loading. Pore pressures of the seeding solution within the media are at least sufficient to overcome the gravitational forces acting on the media within the column. The methods and systems provide a highly uniform and predictable loading of the primary ligand and optionally, the secondary ligand, onto the activated sorptive media throughout the sorptive media for effective sorption and increased capacity for metal removal from aqueous mediums.

Apparatuses and methods for extracting desired chemical species including, without limitation, lithium, specific lithium species, and/or other chemical compounds from input flows in a modular unit. The input flows may be raw materials in which lithium metal and/or lithium species are dissolved and/or extracted. The apparatuses and methods may include daisy chain flow through separate tanks, a column array, and combinations thereof.

The present disclosure relates to hydrocarbon emission control systems. More specifically, the present disclosure relates to substrates coated with hydrocarbon adsorptive coating compositions and evaporative emission control systems for controlling evaporative emissions of hydrocarbons from motor vehicle engines and fuel systems. The hydrocarbon adsorptive coating compositions include particulate carbon having a BET surface area of at least about 1300 m.sup.2/g, and at least one of (i) a butane affinity of greater than 60% at 5% butane; (ii) a butane affinity of greater than 35% at 0.5% butane; (iii) a micropore volume greater than about 0.2 ml/g and a mesopore volume greater than about 0.5 ml/g.

The present inventors have developed systems and processes for reducing the overall carbon consumption needed for the generation of low COD treated water. In certain aspects, the systems and processes described herein include an oxidation stage (e.g., one that utilizes ozone, hydrogen peroxide, ultraviolet, or a combination thereof for oxidation) between a first activated carbon stage and a second activated carbon stage to reduce a total carbon consumption within the associated system or process.