A catalyst precursor composition for forming a phenol alkylation catalyst, the composition comprising: 70 to 98 weight percent of abase oxide comprising: magnesium oxide with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area from 75 meter.sup.2/gram to 220 meter.sup.2/gram, preferably from 75 meter.sup.2/gram to 140 meter.sup.2/gram, more preferably from 90 meter.sup.2/gram to 130 meter.sup.2/gram; or magnesium carbonate with a Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface area of from 100 meter.sup.2/gram to 220 meter.sup.2/gram, preferably from 120 meter.sup.2/gram to 200 meter.sup.2/gram; or a combination thereof; at least one metal promoter precursor comprising an iron precursor, a manganese, a vanadium precursor, or a copper precursor; and a pore former, a lubricant, a coke inhibitor; and optionally, a strength additive; and optionally a binder, and a method of alkylating phenol using a catalyst derived from the catalyst precursor.

The present invention relates to a process for producing a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis catalyst wherein from 15 to 40 mol. % of the cobalt thereon is in the form of cobalt oxide. The present invention also relates to a start-up process for a reduced-and-passivated cobalt-containing Fischer-Tropsch catalyst, wherein from 15 to 40 mol. % of the cobalt thereon is in the form of cobalt oxide and the reduced-and-passivated catalyst is activated by contacting the catalyst with a syngas stream.

The present invention addresses to obtaining a support of hydrorefining catalysts by an innovative preparation route that reduces the problem of loss (or leaching) of boron over the operating time of industrial units. As the presence of boron in catalysts contributes to increased activity (hydrogenating and acidic) and stability for the hydrorefining reactions (hydrotreating and hydrocracking), its maintenance in the catalyst guarantees the preservation of the properties in operation, throughout the entire cycle of campaign of industrial units.

An object of the present invention is to provide an exhaust gas purification system including a first exhaust gas treatment section provided upstream in an exhaust pathway of an internal-combustion engine, a second exhaust gas treatment section provided upstream in the exhaust pathway of the internal-combustion engine, wherein the exhaust gas purification system allows rhodium element contained in a catalyst layer of the second exhaust gas treatment section to efficiently exhibit the catalytic activity, and the present invention provides an exhaust gas purification system (1) configured to purify exhaust gas emitted from an internal-combustion engine, the exhaust gas purification system (1) including an exhaust gas path (2) through which exhaust gas flows, a first exhaust gas treatment section (3) provided upstream in the exhaust gas path (2), and a second exhaust gas treatment section (4) provided downstream in the exhaust gas path (2); wherein first catalyst layers of the first exhaust gas treatment section (3) each contain cerium element; wherein a percentage of the mass of the cerium element contained in the first catalyst layers in terms of cerium oxide, to the mass of the first catalyst layers, is 5.0% by mass or more and 13.0% by mass or less; and wherein second catalyst layers of the second exhaust gas treatment section (4) each contain rhodium element.

In accordance with one or more embodiments of the present disclosure, a multi-stage process for upgrading pyrolysis oil comprising polyaromatic compounds to benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) includes upgrading the pyrolysis oil in a slurry-phase reactor zone to produce intermediate products, wherein the slurry-phase reactor zone comprises a mixed metal oxide catalyst; and hydrocracking the intermediate products in a fixed-bed reactor zone to produce the BTEX, wherein the fixed-bed reactor zone comprises a mesoporous zeolite-supported metal catalyst.

A heterogeneous catalyst comprising a support and a noble metal, wherein said support comprises silicon, and wherein said catalyst comprises from 0.1 to 40 mol % titanium and from 0.1 to 10 mol % of at least one noble metal.

A reactor system for carrying out an endothermic catalytic chemical reaction in a given temperature range upon bringing a reactant into contact with a catalyst material. The reactor system includes a reactor unit arranged to accommodate catalyst material including one or more ferromagnetic macroscopic supports susceptible for induction heating where the one or more ferromagnetic macroscopic supports are ferromagnetic at temperatures up to an upper limit of the given temperature range. The one or more ferromagnetic macroscopic supports are coated with an oxide, and the oxide is impregnated with catalytically active particles. The reactor system moreover includes an induction coil arranged to be powered by a power source supplying alternating current and being positioned so as to generate an alternating magnetic field within the reactor unit upon energization by the power source, whereby the catalyst material is heated to a temperature within the temperature range by the alternating magnetic field.

The present application relates to a cerium-tin-based composite oxide catalyst for catalyzing purification of a nitrogen oxide, a preparation method and an application thereof. The catalyst has the following chemical composition: a cerium-tin oxide and an M oxide, wherein the M is selected from any one of or a combination of at least two of P, Ti, Zr, V, Mn, Fe, Cu, Al, Si, Ni, Hf, Nb, Ta, Cr, Mo, W, or Re. According to the present application, a cerium-tin-based composite oxide catalyst having the characteristics such as high catalytic activity, high hydrothermal stability, excellent N.sub.2 generation selectivity, a wide operation temperature window, and adaptation to high space velocity reaction conditions is prepared by means of a non-toxic and harmless raw material and a simple method, and the present application is applicable to a device for catalyzing purification of a mobile source nitrogen oxide represented by diesel vehicle exhaust gas and a fixed source nitrogen oxide represented by flue gas from a coal-fired power plant.

The present invention relates a deodorizing catalyst including a copper-manganese-based composite oxide, zeolite, and activated carbon.

The present invention provides a catalyst for catalytic reduction of an industrial flue gas SO.sub.2 with CO to prepare sulfur, a method for preparing the same and use thereof. A CeO.sub.2 nanocarrier is prepared by using a hydrothermal method, La and Y are loaded as active components, pre-sulfurization is conducted with 6% of SO.sub.2 and 3% of CO, and finally, the catalyst is prepared. The catalyst has high reactivity and sulfur selectivity and strong stability. The by-product sulfur generated by the reaction is recovered with a solvent CS.sub.2, and the solvent CS.sub.2 is recovered by using a distillation process. The preparation method is low in cost, causes no secondary pollution and is high in sulfur recovery rate. The problem of low sulfur production in China at present is solved.