Aspects of the present application provides for enhanced catalytic materials, which can feature multiple functional and/or catalytic species, and methods of their formation. The materials can include catalytic nanoparticles (NPs) partially embedded within a supporting matrix. Treatment of the material, e.g., thermal, optical, microwave, plasma, and/or chemical treatment, can lead to the formation of functionally, e.g., catalytic or co-catalytic, relevant chemical and structural/morphological species or features at the NP-matrix, NP-pore, and matrix-pore interfaces. The treated material is characterized by enhanced properties, e.g., greater mechanical stability.

The present invention provides a catalyst, comprising molybdenum; one or more first elements selected from a Group V, VI, VII, VIII, IX, X, and XI metal (e.g., silver, cobalt, nickel, copper, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium, palladium, niobium, and manganese); one or more second elements selected from sulfur, carbon, oxygen, phosphorus, nitrogen, and selenium; and optionally, one or more Group IA metals, wherein the molybdenum is present in an amount of 10-50 wt. % of the total amount of the one or more first elements, the molybdenum, the one or more second elements, and the Group IA metal, and methods of using said catalyst in the production of ethanol from carbon dioxide.

A process for preparing an amine by reacting an aldehyde and/or ketone with a nitrogen compound selected from the group consisting of ammonia and primary and secondary amines, and subsequent hydrogenation of the resulting reaction product in the liquid phase and in the presence of hydrogen and a heterogeneous copper oxide hydrogenation catalyst at a temperature of 20 to 230° C., wherein the aldehyde and/or ketone is reacted with the nitrogen compound either together with the hydrogenation in the liquid phase and in the presence of the hydrogen and of the catalyst (alternative 1) or in a step preceding the hydrogenation (alternative 2), and wherein the catalytically active composition of the catalyst, prior to reduction thereof with hydrogen, comprises at least 24% by weight of oxygen compounds of copper, calculated as Cu.

Disclosed herein is a fungicide, including a porous carbon material and a silver member adhered to the porous carbon material, wherein a value of a specific surface area based on a nitrogen BET, namely Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller method is equal to or larger than 10 m.sup.2/g, and a volume of a fine pore based on a BJH, namely Barrett, Joyner, and Halenda method and an MP, namely Micro Pore method is equal to or larger than 0.1 cm.sup.3/g.

A process for preparing a catalyst comprises coating substantial internal surfaces of porous inorganic powders with titanium oxide to form titanium oxide-coated inorganic powders. After the coating, an extrudate comprising the titanium oxide-coated inorganic powders is formed and calcined to form a catalyst support. Then, the catalyst support is impregnated with a solution containing one or more salts of metal selected from the group consisting of molybdenum, cobalt, and nickel.

Tungstated zirconium catalysts for paraffin isomerization may comprise: a mixed metal oxide that is at least partially crystalline and comprises tungsten, zirconium, and a variable oxidation state metal selected from Fe, Mn, Co, Cu, Ce, Ni, and any combination thereof. The mixed metal oxide comprises about 5 wt. % to about 25 wt. % tungsten, about 40 wt. % to about 70 wt. % zirconium, and about 0.01 wt. % to about 5 wt. % variable oxidation state metal, each based on a total mass of the mixed metal oxide. The mixed metal oxide has a total surface area of about 50 m.sup.2/g or greater as measured according to ISO 9277, and at least one of the following: an ammonia uptake of about 0.05 to about 0.3 mmol/g as measured by temperature programmed adsorption/desorption, or a collidine uptake of about 100 μmol/g or greater as measured gravimetrically.

Provided herein are methods for hydroisomerization of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with hydrogen and a catalyst to yield a hydrocarbon product having an increase in branched hydrocarbons relative to the hydrocarbon feedstock. The present catalysts comprise a heteroatom-doped Beta zeolite having a trivalent cation as a framework metal oxide, an extra-framework species comprised of cerium and/or cobalt, and from 0.01 to 1.5 wt. % of a group VIII or VIB metal, or a combination thereof.

A method for producing a catalyst system for gas reactions comprising at least one planar structure of noble metal having gas-permeable openings, comprising the steps of:

(1) providing at least one noble metal powder consisting of at least substantially spherical noble metal particles, and

(2) repeatedly applying the noble metal powder or powders provided in step (1) in layers to a substrate in a build chamber, respectively followed by an at least partial melting of the respective noble metal powder applied as a layer with high-energy radiation, and allowing the melted noble metal powder to solidify within the scope of additive manufacturing.

Provided herein are methods for hydroisomerization of a hydrocarbon feedstock comprising contacting the hydrocarbon feedstock with hydrogen and a catalyst to yield a hydrocarbon product having an increase in branched hydrocarbons relative to the hydrocarbon feedstock. The present catalysts comprise a heteroatom-doped Beta zeolite having a trivalent cation as a framework metal oxide, an extra-framework species comprised of cerium and/or cobalt, and from 0.01 to 1.5 wt. % of a group VIII or VIB metal, or a combination thereof.

A Raney copper catalyst, a preparation method and use thereof are provided. The Raney copper catalyst includes aluminum, copper and a metal promoter, wherein the metal promoter comprises a combination of one or more of Ni, Fe, Mo, Co, Ag, Pd, Pt, Au and other elements. The preparation method includes performing high-temperature melting on a mixture containing a copper/aluminum alloy and the metal promoter to obtain a mixed metal cured compound, then smashing the mixed metal cured compound to obtain a catalyst precursor, and subsequently activating to obtain the Raney copper catalyst. The Raney copper catalyst exhibits a capability on hydrogenation reaction based on synergistic effects between metal copper and different promoter metals. Compared with the Raney copper catalyst without metal promoters, when used for preparing 1,3-propanediol through hydrogenation of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde aqueous solution, the Raney copper catalyst is higher in activity and better in stability.