The present invention relates to a novel metal complex, a method for producing same, and a method for producing a gamma-lactam compound using same, and the metal complex according to the present invention is used as a catalyst for producing a gamma-lactam compound and can efficiently produce a gamma-lactam compound with an excellent yield and excellent selectivity.

In one aspect, the disclosure relates to a mode of asymmetric induction in radical processes based on enhanced hydrogen-bonding capability and the situation of metal centers in cavity-like chiral environments. Also disclosed is an asymmetric system for stereoselective synthesis of cyclopropane and aziridine derivatives. The disclosed Co(II)-based metalloradical system has been shown to have an unusual capability of controlling both the degree and sense of asymmetric induction in cyclopropanation and aziridination reactions in a systematic manner. The disclosed system is applicable to a broad scope of substrates having diazo or azido moieties and exhibits a remarkable profile of reactivity and selectivity, providing access to cyclopropane diastereomers and aziridine enantiomers in highly enantioenriched forms. Also disclosed are catalysts useful in the disclosed processes. This abstract is intended as a scanning tool for purposes of searching in the particular art and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure.

Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

The present invention relates to a novel metal complex, a method for producing same, and a method for producing a gamma-lactam compound using same, and the metal complex according to the present invention is used as a catalyst for producing a gamma-lactam compound and can efficiently produce a gamma-lactam compound with an excellent yield and excellent selectivity.

The present invention is directed to catalysts and processes for catalyzing two or more chemical reactions with a multifunctional catalyst in a reaction vessel. The processes include steps for introducing one or more reagents to a reaction vessel containing a multifunctional catalyst; contacting the one or more reagents with a first portion of the multifunctional catalyst to produce an intermediate; contacting the intermediate with a second portion of the multifunctional catalyst to produce a product; and removing the product from the reaction vessel. In certain embodiments, the multifunctional catalyst may have a first portion with carbonylation functionality for catalyzing the production of a beta-lactone intermediate from an epoxide reagent and a carbon monoxide reagent. In certain embodiments, the multifunctional catalyst may have a second portion with a functionality suitable for polymerization, co-polymerization, and/or modification of a beta-lactone intermediate. In preferred embodiments, the first portion and second portion are bonded to a heterogenous support.

Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.

A titanium catalyst and a synthesizing method of polyester resins are provided in the present disclosure. The titanium catalyst has a chemical structure represented by Formula (I), Formula (II) or Formula (III). ##STR00001##
The symbols shown in the Formula (I), the Formula (II) or the Formula (III) are defined in the description. The synthesizing method of polyester resins includes providing the titanium catalyst, performing a feeding step, performing a heating and pressurizing step and performing a heating and vacuuming step. The titanium catalyst and a heat stabilizer are added into an autoclave before the feeding step or before the heating and vacuuming step.

In an embodiment, the present disclosure pertains to a composition having a cation and an anion. In some embodiments, a base is incorporated into the anion, and the cation and the anion form a bifunctional catalyst. In some embodiments, the cation is a chiral cobalt(III) species, and a nitrogenous Brpnsted base is incorporated into counter anions of the chiral cobalt(III) species cation. In some embodiments, the bifunctional catalyst is a tricationic cobalt(III) hydrogen bond donor catalyst, and a nitrogenous Brpnsted base is incorporated into counter anions of the tricationic cobalt(III) hydrogen bond donor catalyst. In another aspect, the present disclosure pertains to a bifunctional catalyst having a smart anion with a cationic metal species. In some embodiments, the smart anion performs a specific role in a chemical reaction without the inclusion of additional external components to accomplish a same specific role in the chemical reaction.

A carbon dioxide absorption and reduction solution contains 0.01 to 100 mM of a metal complex in a mixed solvent of water and a water-soluble solvent. The metal complex contains: a central metal which is any of rhenium, manganese, or iron; and a ligand which coordinates to the central metal. The ligand includes two or more carbonyl groups and two or more nitrogen-containing heterocycles, and at least one of the two or more nitrogen-containing heterocycles has at least one substituent including a carboxy group or a hydroxy group. When the central metal of the metal complex is ruthenium, the nitrogen-containing heterocycles May not have a carboxy group or a hydroxy group.

Synthetic methods are described herein operable to efficiently produce a wide variety of molecular species through conjugate additions via decarboxylative mechanisms. For example, methods of functionalization of peptide residues are described, including selective functionalization of peptide C-terminal residues. In one aspect, a method of peptide functionalization comprises providing a reaction mixture including a Michael acceptor and a peptide and coupling the Michael acceptor with the peptide via a mechanism including decarboxylation of a peptide reside.