According to one embodiment, a reduction catalyst includes a current collector including a metal layer; and organic molecules including a quaternary nitrogen cation, which are bonded to the metal layer. The organic molecules are represented by any of the following general formulae I to V.

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The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a catalyst for carrying out hydrogenation reactions in hydrotreatment and hydrocracking processes. Said catalyst is prepared from at least one mononuclear precursor based on molybdenum (Mo), in its monomeric or dimeric form, having at least one Mo═O or Mo—OR bond or at least one Mo═S or Mo—SR bond where [R=C.sub.xH.sub.y where x≧1 and (x−1)≦y≦(2x+1) or R=Si(OR′).sub.3 or R=Si(R′).sub.3 where R′=C.sub.x′H.sub.y′ where x′≧1 and (x′−1)≦y′≦(2x′+1)], and optionally from at least one promoter element from group VIII. Said precursors are deposited onto an oxide support which is suitable for the process in which it is used, said catalyst being dried at a temperature of less than 200° C. then advantageously being sulphurized before being deployed in said process.

Provided is a method for preparing a solution B comprising at least one catalyst in at least one second solvent, comprising at least the following steps of (A) providing a solution A comprising the at least one catalyst in at least one first solvent, (B) treating the solution A from step (A) with activated carbon, (C) removing the activated carbon from the solution A, and (D) exchanging the at least one first solvent in solution A for at least one second solvent in order to obtain the solution B comprising the at least one catalyst in at least one second solvent, to a solution of at least one catalyst in at least one second solvent, obtainable by the method according to the invention, to the use of this solution for preparing a composition comprising the at least one catalyst, the at least one second solvent, at least one polyisocyanate and at least one NCO-reactive compound, to the use of this composition for producing a single-layered or multi-layered coating system and a corresponding process.

Provided is a method for preparing a solution B comprising at least one catalyst in at least one second solvent, comprising at least the following steps of (A) providing a solution A comprising the at least one catalyst in at least one first solvent, (B) treating the solution A from step (A) with activated carbon, (C) removing the activated carbon from the solution A, and (D) exchanging the at least one first solvent in solution A for at least one second solvent in order to obtain the solution B comprising the at least one catalyst in at least one second solvent, to a solution of at least one catalyst in at least one second solvent, obtainable by the method according to the invention, to the use of this solution for preparing a composition comprising the at least one catalyst, the at least one second solvent, at least one polyisocyanate and at least one NCO-reactive compound, to the use of this composition for producing a single-layered or multi-layered coating system and a corresponding process.

The present embodiments provide a reduction catalyst realizing high reaction efficiency and a reduction reactor employing the catalyst. The reduction catalyst of the embodiment comprises an electric conductor and an organic layer having organic modifying groups placed on the surface of the conductor. The organic modifying groups have an aromatic ring having two or more nitrogen atoms. The reduction catalyst is used in a reduction reactor, and the reactor is also provided.

The present disclosure relates to catalysts for making sulfur-containing polymeric materials. In particular, the disclosure provides catalysts, and the method of using the same, for making sulfur-containing polymeric materials through inverse vulcanization at a temperature that is lower than 150 C.

According to one embodiment, a reduction catalyst includes a current collector including a metal layer; and organic molecules including a quaternary nitrogen cation, which are bonded to the metal layer. The organic molecules are represented by any of the following general formulae I to V. ##STR00001##

The present embodiments provide a reduction catalyst realizing high reaction efficiency and a reduction reactor employing the catalyst. The reduction catalyst of the embodiment comprises an electric conductor and an organic layer having organic modifying groups placed on the surface of the conductor. The organic modifying groups have an aromatic ring having two or more nitrogen atoms. The reduction catalyst is used in a reduction reactor, and the reactor is also provided.

The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a catalyst based on tungsten intended for hydrotreatment or hydrocracking processes. The invention concerns a process for the preparation of a catalyst for carrying out hydrogenation reactions in hydrotreatment and hydrocracking processes. Said catalyst is prepared from at least one mononuclear precursor compound based on tungsten (W), in its monomeric or dimeric form, having at least one WO or WOR bond or at least one WS or WSR bond where [RC.sub.xH.sub.y where x1 and (x1)y(2x+1) or RSi(OR).sub.3 or RSi(R).sub.3 where RC.sub.xH.sub.y where x1 and (x1)y(2x+1)], optionally at least one Mo precursor and optionally at least one promoter element from group VIII. Said precursors are deposited onto an oxide support which is suitable for the process in which it is used, said catalyst advantageously being sulphurized before being deployed in said process.