The present disclosure provides a method for purifying nanostructured material comprising carbon nanotubes, metal impurities and amorphous carbon impurities. The method generally includes oxidizing the unpurified nanostructured material to remove the amorphous carbon and thereby exposing the metal impurities and subsequently contacting the nanostructured material with carbon monoxide to volatilize the metal impurities and thereby substantially remove them from the nanostructured material.

The present invention provides novel solutions to the problem of recycling carbonylation catalysts in epoxide carbonylation processes. The inventive methods are characterized in that the catalyst is recovered in a form other than as active catalyst. In some embodiments, catalyst components are removed selectively from the carbonylation product stream in two or more processing steps. One or more of these separated catalyst components are then utilized to regenerate active catalyst which is utilized during another time interval to feed a continuous carbonylation reactor.

The invention provides a process for producing alpha-olefins comprising: a) contacting an ethylene feed with an oligomerization catalyst system, the catalyst system comprising a metal-ligand catalyst and a co-catalyst, in an oligomerization reaction zone under oligomerization conditions to produce a product stream comprising alpha-olefins; b) withdrawing the product stream from the oligomerization reaction zone wherein the product stream further comprises oligomerization catalyst system; c) contacting the product stream with a catalyst deactivating agent to form a deactivated product stream that contains deactivated catalyst components; and d) heating the deactivated product stream to separate one or more components from the deactivated product stream.

The present invention provides novel solutions to the problem of recycling carbonylation catalysts in epoxide carbonylation processes. The inventive methods are characterized in that the catalyst is recovered in a form other than as active catalyst. In some embodiments, catalyst components are removed selectively from the carbonylation product stream in two or more processing steps. One or more of these separated catalyst components are then utilized to regenerate active catalyst which is utilized during another time interval to feed a continuous carbonylation reactor.

The present invention provides novel solutions to the problem of recycling carbonylation catalysts in epoxide carbonylation processes. The inventive methods are characterized in that the catalyst is recovered in a form other than as active catalyst. In some embodiments, catalyst components are removed selectively from the carbonylation product stream in two or more processing steps. One or more of these separated catalyst components are then utilized to regenerate active catalyst which is utilized during another time interval to feed a continuous carbonylation reactor.

Chemical processes are disclosed that act to both regenerate and create new catalyst for iron salt catalyzed Kharasch coupling reactions during the process of creating halogenated hydrocarbons. Such processes include loading a reactor with a quantity of Fe(0) metal such as iron wire, supplying CCl.sub.4 to the reactor, supplying a phosphate compound to the reactor, supplying an alkene to the reactor, and supplying a carbonyl of Fe(0) to the reactor.

Chemical processes are disclosed that act to both regenerate and create new catalyst for iron salt catalyzed Kharasch coupling reactions during the process of creating halogenated hydrocarbons. Such processes include loading a reactor with a quantity of Fe(0) metal such as iron wire, supplying CCl.sub.4 to the reactor, supplying a phosphate compound to the reactor, supplying an alkene to the reactor, and supplying a carbonyl of Fe(0) to the reactor.

The polymer-supported chelating agent is polyisobutylene having a thiol-thioether terminal group. The polymer-supported chelating agent is made by reaction of the terminal carbon double bond of polyisobutylene with 1,2-ethanedithiol in a one-step click reaction, resulting in PIB functionalized with a thiol-thioether sequestering group. In use, the polymer-supported chelating agent is added to a biphasic solvent system containing a transition metal in solution for removal of the transition metal by liquid/liquid extraction. The transition metal is chelated or sequestered by the chelating agent and removed in a nonpolar organic phase, such as heptane.

The invention describes a novel nickel-based composition. The invention also concerns the use of said composition as a catalytic composition in an olefin oligomerization process.

Chemical processes are disclosed that act to both regenerate and create new catalyst for iron salt catalyzed Kharasch coupling reactions during the process of creating halogenated hydrocarbons. Such processes include loading a reactor with a quantity of Fe(0) metal such as iron wire, supplying CCl.sub.4 to the reactor, supplying a phosphate compound to the reactor, supplying an alkene to the reactor, and supplying a carbonyl of Fe(0) to the reactor.