The present disclosure relates to solid phosphoric acid (SPA) catalyst compositions useful in the formation of hydrocarbons, such as the oligomerization of olefins, prepared from formable mixtures that comprise a phosphate source and a siliceous support material source in amounts, for example, such that the ratio of the phosphate source and the siliceous support material source is within the range of about 2.9:1 to about 3.4:1 calculated on a weight basis as H.sub.3PO.sub.4:SiO.sub.2, and a dry particulate material.

A silica-alumina powder, a method for producing the same, and a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst including this silica-alumina powder are provided. The silica-alumina powder contains SiO.sub.2 within a predetermined range, has a specific surface area within a predetermined range, and has a pore volume and an acid amount within predetermined ranges. An alumina raw material includes one of boehmite, pseudo-boehmite, and mainly amorphous alumina gel. The method for producing the silica-alumina powder includes a step of mixing an aqueous solution including alumina hydrate and an aqueous solution containing a silica precursor to prepare an aqueous solution including a silica-alumina precursor; a step of adjusting the pH of the aqueous solution to be within a predetermined range, and then heat-treating the aqueous solution; and a step of cooling the aqueous solution or silica-alumina slurry, then separating and washing a solid, and then drying or further calcining the solid.

Process for the preparation of a catalyst and a catalyst comprising the use of chi or gamma or gibbsite alumina. Thus, in one embodiment, the invention provides an FCC catalyst composition comprising of ultra-stabilize Y zeolite (USY zeolite) with total Lewis acidity retention of at least above 15% when increasing the adsorption temperature from 200 to 400? C. in pyridine adsorbed FT-IR and at least above 35% retention in total acidity when increasing the desorption temperature from 300 to 400? C. in ammonia TPD measurement and at least two different alumina types wherein at least one alumina is a dispersible binding alumina sol and the other alumina is of a transitional alumina phase with XRD peaks at about 37.6 (311), 45.8 (400) and 67 (440) 2-theta (referred herein as gamma alumina) or metastable phase alumina with characteristics XRD peaks of 2? values of 37, 43, and 67 degrees (referred herein as chi alumina) or non-peptizable gibbsite-alumina has the characteristics XRD peaks of 2? values of 18, 20.3 and 38 degrees (referred herein as gibbsite alumina). Further, the total amount of chi or gamma or gibbsite alumina is greater than 0 wt % to about 20-30 wt %.

Compositions for reduction of NO.sub.x generated during a catalytic cracking process, preferably, a fluid catalytic cracking process, are disclosed. The compositions comprise a fluid catalytic cracking catalyst composition, preferably containing a Y-type zeolite, and a particulate NO.sub.x reduction composition containing ferrierite zeolite particles. Preferably, the NO.sub.x reduction composition contains ferrierite zeolite particles bound with an inorganic binder. In the alternative, the ferrierite zeolite particles are incorporated into the cracking catalyst as an integral component of the catalyst. NO.sub.x reduction compositions in accordance with the invention are very effective for the reduction of NO.sub.x emissions released from the regenerator of a fluid catalytic cracking unit operating under FCC process conditions without a substantial change in conversion or yield of cracked products. Processes for the use of the compositions are also disclosed.

A method for making a solid material which is useful as a heterogeneous catalyst including the steps of: forming at least one copper oxide suspension comprising solid particles of copper oxide in a liquid; forming at least one carrier suspension comprising solid particles of a carrier material in a liquid; combining the copper oxide suspension and the carrier suspension; subjecting the combined suspensions to mechanical energy; separating the suspension liquid from the solid particles in the combined suspension; and subjecting the solid material to a thermal decomposition step. A catalyst made by the method has a BET surface area greater than 150 m.sup.2/g, a particle size distribution in which D50 is in the range from 25-35 m, and wherein the D50 after 60 minutes ultrasound treatment is at least 30% of the original value.

The present invention relate to a binderless molecular sieve catalyst and a process for preparing the same, which are mainly useful for solving the problems of the current catalysts, such as lower activity, less pore volume and worse diffusivity. The present invention relates to a novel binderless molecular sieve catalyst, comprising, based on the weight of the catalyst, 90-100 wt. % of a molecular sieve, 0-10 wt. % of a binder, and 0-10 wt. % of an anti-wear agent, wherein said catalyst has a pore volume of 0.1-0.5 ml/g, an average pore diameter of 50-100 nm, and a porosity of 20-40%; the anti-wear agent is selected from the rod or needle-like inorganic materials having a length/diameter ratio of 2-20. Said catalyst has the advantages of higher activity, greater pore volume, larger average pore diameter and porosity, and better diffusivity, and well solves said problems and can be used for the industrial preparation of binderless molecular sieve catalysts.

A catalytic cracking catalyst is provided which has high cracking activity and with which the production of FCC gasoline having a high octane number can efficiently proceed without lowering a gasoline yield. Also provided are a process for producing the catalyst and a method of the catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon oil with the catalyst. The catalyst for catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon oil comprises a crystalline aluminosilicate, a binder, and a clay mineral in a certain proportion, wherein the content of sodium and potassium therein is 0.5% by mass or lower in terms of oxide (Na.sub.2O and K.sub.2O) amount, the content of at least one rare earth metal therein is 3.0% by mass or lower in terms of oxide (RE.sub.2O.sub.3, wherein RE is a rare earth element) amount, the [RE.sub.2O.sub.3+Na.sub.2O+K.sub.2O]/[crystalline aluminosilicate] ratio by mass is 0.1 or lower, and the catalyst has a xenon adsorption amount, as measured at an adsorption temperature of 25 C. and a partial xenon pressure of 650 torr, of 2.2010.sup.20 molecules or more per g of the catalyst. Also provided are a process for producing the catalyst and a method of catalytic cracking of a hydrocarbon oil with the catalyst.

Provided is a selective catalytic reduction (SCR) catalyst containing a carbon material loaded with vanadium and tungsten and a method of preparing the same, and relates to a method of loading vanadium and tungsten on a carbon material that exhibits excellent abrasion resistance and excellent strength and can be easily prepared.

Shaped porous carbon products and processes for preparing these products are provided. The shaped porous carbon products can be used, for example, as catalyst supports and adsorbents. Catalyst compositions including these shaped porous carbon products, processes of preparing the catalyst compositions, and various processes of using the shaped porous carbon products and catalyst compositions are also provided.

FCC catalysts having improved attrition resistance are provided by mixing a cationic polyelectrolyte with either zeolite crystals or a zeolite-forming nutrient and/or a matrix material, prior to or during formation of a catalyst microsphere.