A catalyst that is used in a gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction or gas phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, in which the catalyst contains catalyst particles each having a composite metal oxide and a support that supports the composite metal oxide, the catalyst particles have a median diameter of 20 m or more and 150 m or less, a shape of the catalyst particle is spherical, and in a binarization processed image BP.sub.2 obtained by performing a binarization process for classifying regions into a predetermined white region and a predetermined black region on a cross-sectional image showing the catalyst particles and having an area of 1200 m.sup.2 or more obtained by predetermined SEM backscattered electron image observation, /A that is calculated by a predetermined method satisfies 0.10 or more and 0.30 or less.

A catalyst that is used in a gas phase catalytic oxidation reaction or gas phase catalytic ammoxidation reaction of propane or isobutane, in which the catalyst contains catalyst particles each having a composite metal oxide and a support that supports the composite metal oxide, the catalyst particles have a median diameter of 20 m or more and 150 m or less, a shape of the catalyst particle is spherical, and in a binarization processed image BP.sub.2 obtained by performing a binarization process for classifying regions into a predetermined white region and a predetermined black region on a cross-sectional image showing the catalyst particles and having an area of 1200 m.sup.2 or more obtained by predetermined SEM backscattered electron image observation, /A that is calculated by a predetermined method satisfies 0.10 or more and 0.30 or less.

A process of producing a catalyst comprises forming mesoporous beta zeolite particles, impregnating mesoporous beta zeolite particles with a metal and phosphorus to produce a metal and phosphorus impregnated zeolite, and incorporating the metal and phosphorus impregnated zeolite with clay and alumina to produce the catalyst. The forming step comprises converting a crystalline beta zeolite to a non-crystalline material with reduced silica content relative to the crystalline beta zeolite, and crystalizing the non-crystalline material to produce mesoporous beta zeolite particles.

A novel process can be used for a heterogeneously catalysed oxidation reaction, in the presence of a pulverulent noble metal-containing catalyst, where (meth)acrolein, an alkyl alcohol, in particular methanol, and an oxygen-containing gas are converted to an alkyl (meth)acrylate, in particular methyl (meth)acrylate. A corresponding reactor suitable for performing the reaction is also useful. The process allows for an effective retention of the particulate catalyst and the continuous discharge of fines fractions of the catalyst powder which are present, particularly in a fresh catalyst batch as a consequence of its preparation. Such fines fractions may also be produced by abrasion during the reaction. The process allows for effective recycling, recovery, and utilization of these discharged catalyst fractions.

Disclosed herein is a catalyst which comprises a silica core having an outer surface and a mesoporous silica shell having an outer surface and an inner surface with the inner surface being inside the outer surface of said mesoporous silica shell proximate to and surrounding the outer surface of said silica core. Wherein the outer surface of the mesoporous silica shell has openings leading to pores within the mesoporous silica shell which extend toward the outer surface of said silica core. The catalyst also includes catalytically active metal nanoparticles positioned within the pores proximate to said core, wherein the catalytic metal nanoparticles comprise about 0.0001 wt % to about 1.0 wt % of the catalyst. Also disclosed are methods of making the catalyst and using it to carry out a process for catalytically hydrogenolysizing a polyolefinic polymer.

Methods for making a supported chromium catalyst are disclosed, and can comprise contacting a silica-coated alumina containing at least 30 wt. % silica with a chromium-containing compound in a liquid, drying, and calcining in an oxidizing atmosphere at a peak temperature of at least 650 C. to form the supported chromium catalyst. The supported chromium catalyst can contain from 0.01 to 20 wt. % chromium, and typically can have a pore volume from 0.5 to 2 mL/g and a BET surface area from 275 to 550 m.sup.2/g. The supported chromium catalyst subsequently can be used to polymerize olefins to produce, for example, ethylene-based homopolymers and copolymers having high molecular weights and broad molecular weight distributions.

A catalyst for continuous production of 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane through gas-solid reaction as well as a preparation method and use thereof are provided. The catalyst includes a zero-valent iron and phosphorus co-modified carbon material which includes a carbon material as a carrier, a zero-valent iron supported onto the carrier and serving as an active component, and a phosphate functional group formed on the surface of the carbon material. The preparation method includes: co-modifying a carbon material using a ferric salt and organic phosphorus to obtain the catalyst for continuous production of 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane through gas-solid reaction. The present application further provides a method for continuous production of 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane through gas-solid reaction. The catalyst provided in the present application integrates active component zero-valent iron and auxiliary component phosphate functional group on the carbon material, thereby realizing the continuous production of 1,1,1,3-tetrachloropropane on a gas-solid fixed bed reactor.

A gold-supported carbon catalyst includes gold fine particles supported on carbon black, wherein the gold fine particles are coordinated by an alkanethiol at a coverage of from 10% to 70%, and wherein the gold fine particles have an average particle diameter of from 1.0 nm to 1.5 nm.

An efficient photocatalyst nanocomposite comprising reduced graphene oxide, noble metal, and a metal oxide prepared by a one-step method that utilizes date seed extract as a reducing and nanoparticle determining size agent. The photocatalyst of the invention is a more effective sunlight photocatalyst than that prepared by traditional method in the photo decomposition of organic compounds in contaminated water.

The invention relates to a process for preparing a hydrocracking catalyst, comprising (i) contacting a shaped body comprising a zeolite and a binder with an aqueous solution of a hydrogenation metal compound which is a complex or a salt of a hydrogenation metal to deposit the hydrogenation metal onto the shaped body, wherein the aqueous solution comprises an ammonium salt and (ii) calcining the shaped body obtained by step (i).