A hydrocarbon reforming catalyst for producing a synthesis gas containing hydrogen and carbon monoxide from a hydrocarbon-based gas, the hydrocarbon reforming catalyst containing a complex oxide having a perovskite structure including at least Ba, Zr, and Ru; and a hydrocarbon reforming apparatus that includes the hydrocarbon-reforming catalyst.

A dehydrogenation reaction catalyst has a perovskite structure represented by the formula (A.sub.1-xA.sub.x) (Zr.sub.1-y-zB.sub.yB.sub.z) O.sub.3, where A is at least one element selected from alkaline earth metals, A is at least one of lanthanum (La) and yttrium (Y), B is at least one of titanium (Ti) and cerium (Ce), and B is at least one element selected from yttrium (Y), scandium (Sc), ytterbium (Yb), aluminum (Al), indium (In), and neodymium (Nd)). Further, x, y, and z satisfy 0?x?0.4, 0.3?(1?z)?1, 0?y, and 0<(1?y?z).

A catalyst comprising a barium niobate-based cubic perovskite structure where, Mg and Ca has been used to dope the niobium sites along with Fe, Ni, Co, Y, and Pr.

A catalyst containing molybdenum, bismuth, and iron, in which R1 represented by the following equation (1) is 0.45 or more and 5.00 or less is provided, and use of the catalyst achieves a high yield, in the case of the use in a gas phase oxidation reaction, particularly in the case of the use in producing an unsaturated aldehyde compound or an unsaturated carboxylic acid compound by a partial oxidation reaction,

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}R1=\left(\mathrm{maximum}\mathrm{value}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{peak}\mathrm{at}886{\mathrm{cm}}^{-1}?5{\mathrm{cm}}^{-1}\right)?\left(\mathrm{maximum}\mathrm{value}\mathrm{of}\mathrm{peak}\mathrm{at}354{\mathrm{cm}}^{-1}?5{\mathrm{cm}}^{-1}\right)\mathrm{as}\mathrm{measured}\mathrm{by}\mathrm{Raman}\mathrm{spectroscopy}.& \left(1\right)\end{array}$

A catalyst comprising a barium niobate-based perovskite structure where, Mg and Ca has been used to dope the niobium sites along with one or more of Fe, Ni, Co, Y, Yb, W, Ta, and Pr.

The catalyst for methane reformation according to an exemplary embodiment of the present application comprises: a porous metal support; a first coating layer provided on the porous metal support and comprising the perovskite-based compound represented by Chemical Formula 1; and a second coating layer provided on the first coating layer and comprising the perovskite-based compound represented by Chemical Formula 2:

SrTiO.sub.3[Chemical Formula 1]

Sr.sub.1-xA.sub.xTi.sub.B.sub.yO.sub.3-[Chemical Formula 2] wherein all the variables are described herein.

A method of preparing a catalyst support structure for use in a catalytic reaction. According to the method, a mixed metal oxide compound which defines a crystal lattice is synthesized. Cations of at least one catalytic promoter element are dispersed within the compound and incorporated into the crystal lattice. The conditions of synthesis are preselected to inhibit destabilization of the catalyst support structure such that the structure remains stable against collapse and exsolution under reaction conditions associated with the catalytic reaction. The metal oxide compound may comprise an oxidic perovskite having the formula A(1-x)A(x)B(1-y)ByO.sub.3 wherein A and B represent metal cations and A and B represent cations of the promoter element or elements. Also provided is a catalyst support structure having cations of a promoter element incorporated into its crystal lattice. The support structure is stable against collapse and exsolution under reaction conditions.

An article including a metal substrate, an anti-coking catalyst layer and an alumina barrier layer disposed between the metal substrate and the anti-coking catalyst layer is provided. A process for making the article is also provided.

To provide a catalyst, which is formed from a perovskite oxide, for thermochemical fuel production, and a method of producing fuel using thermochemical fuel production that is capable of allowing a fuel to be produced in a thermochemical manner. Provided is a catalyst for thermochemical fuel production, which is used for producing the fuel from thermal energy by using a two-step thermochemical cycle of a first temperature and a second temperature that is equal to or lower than the first temperature, wherein the catalyst is formed from a perovskite oxide having a compositional formula of AXO.sub.3?? (provided that, 0???1). Here, A represents one or more of a rare-earth element (excluding Ce), an alkaline earth metal element, and an alkali metal element, X represents one or more of a transition metal element and a metalloid element, and O represents oxygen.

A nanocomposite catalyst includes a support, a multiplicity of nanoscale metal oxide clusters coupled to the support, and one or more metal atoms coupled to each of the nanoscale metal oxide clusters. Fabricating a nanocomposite catalyst includes forming nanoscale metal oxide clusters including a first metal on a support, and depositing one or more metal atoms including a second metal on the nanoscale metal oxide clusters. The nanocomposite catalyst is suitable for catalyzing reactions such as CO oxidation, water-gas-shift, reforming of CO.sub.2 and methanol, and oxidation of natural gas.