The present disclosure provides a method that embodies a simple and effective route to remove homogeneous catalysts from solutions wherein NMR/MRI signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) or parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is performed. A method for recovering a homogeneous SABRE/PHIP catalyst for reuse is also described.

The present disclosure provides a method that embodies a simple and effective route to remove homogeneous catalysts from solutions wherein NMR/MRI signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) or parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is performed. A method for recovering a homogeneous SABRE/PHIP catalyst for reuse is also described.

The present disclosure provides a method that embodies a simple and effective route to remove homogeneous catalysts from solutions wherein NMR/MRI signal amplification by reversible exchange (SABRE) or parahydrogen-induced polarization (PHIP) is performed. A method for recovering a homogeneous SABRE/PHIP catalyst for reuse is also described.

Process for removing precious metal from precious metal-containing catalyst form bodies comprising form bodies and precious metal, whereby the precious metal to be removed is at least one precious metal selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ir, Rh, Ru, Os, and Re, comprising the steps of: (a) producing a mixture of precious metal-containing catalyst form bodies in at least one mineral acid that is at least 1N; (b) supplying inert or oxidising gas into the mixture containing noble metal-containing catalyst form bodies and mineral acid; (c) introducing at least one oxidation agent, in solid or liquid form, into the mixture containing noble metal-containing catalyst form body and mineral acid; and (d) separating the form bodies from the liquid.

Process for removing precious metal from precious metal-containing catalyst form bodies comprising form bodies and precious metal, whereby the precious metal to be removed is at least one precious metal selected from the group consisting of Au, Ag, Pd, Pt, Ir, Rh, Ru, Os, and Re, comprising the steps of: (a) producing a mixture of precious metal-containing catalyst form bodies in at least one mineral acid that is at least 1N; (b) supplying inert or oxidising gas into the mixture containing noble metal-containing catalyst form bodies and mineral acid; (c) introducing at least one oxidation agent, in solid or liquid form, into the mixture containing noble metal-containing catalyst form body and mineral acid; and (d) separating the form bodies from the liquid.

Methods, systems, and compositions related to the recycling and/or recovery of activating materials from activated aluminum are disclosed. In one embodiment, an aqueous solution's composition may be controlled to maintain aluminum ions dissolved in solution during reaction of an activated aluminum. In another embodiment, aluminum hydroxide containing the activating materials may be dissolved into an aqueous solution to isolate the activating materials.

Methods, systems, and compositions related to the recycling and/or recovery of activating materials from activated aluminum are disclosed. In one embodiment, an aqueous solution's composition may be controlled to maintain aluminum ions dissolved in solution during reaction of an activated aluminum. In another embodiment, aluminum hydroxide containing the activating materials may be dissolved into an aqueous solution to isolate the activating materials.

It is an object to provide a regenerated denitration catalyst whose denitration performance is restored compared with a denitration catalyst before use, utilizing a spent denitration catalyst, and a method for manufacturing the same. In a regenerated denitration catalyst according to the present disclosure, a spent denitration catalyst including a first titanium oxide as a main component, and a second titanium oxide are mixed. The spent denitration catalyst is already used in a denitration reaction in which nitrogen oxides in a gas are decomposed into nitrogen and water using a reducing agent. The second titanium oxide has a larger specific surface area per unit weight than the first titanium oxide. A content of the second titanium oxide based on a total weight of the first titanium oxide and the second titanium oxide is preferably 10% by weight or more and 90% by weight or less.

The present invention includes compositions and methods of using a molecule of Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, phenyl, cyclohexyl, fluoro, chloro, methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy, phenoxy, aryl, alkene, alkyne, and heterocyclic. The molecule of Formula I is a ligand until a metal is added, at which time the molecule is a catalyst.

The present invention includes compositions and methods of using a molecule of Formula I:

##STR00001##

wherein R is selected from methyl, ethyl, propyl, isopropyl, butyl, phenyl, cyclohexyl, fluoro, chloro, methoxy, ethoxy, butoxy, phenoxy, aryl, alkene, alkyne, and heterocyclic. The molecule of Formula I is a ligand until a metal is added, at which time the molecule is a catalyst.