The amorphous inorganic anion exchanger of the present invention is represented by Formula (1) and has an average primary particle size observed with an electron microscope of at least 1 nm but no greater than 500 nm and an NO.sub.3 content of no greater than 1 wt % of the whole:
BiO(OH)  Formula (1).

A family of highly charged crystalline microporous metallophosphate molecular sieves designated PST-19 has been synthesized. These high charge density metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula of:

R.sup.p+.sub.rA.sup.+.sub.mM.sup.2+.sub.xE.sub.yPO.sub.z

where A is an alkali metal such as potassium, R is an organoammonium cation such as tetraethylammonium, M is a divalent metal such as zinc and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The PST-19 family of materials are among the first MeAPO-type molecular sieves to be stabilized by combinations of alkali and quaternary ammonium cations, enabling unique compositions. The PST-19 family of molecular sieves has the SBS topology and catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

A family of highly charged crystalline microporous metallophosphate molecular sieves designated PST-19 has been synthesized. These high charge density metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula of:

R.sup.p+.sub.rA.sup.+.sub.mM.sup.2+.sub.xE.sub.yPO.sub.z

where A is an alkali metal such as potassium, R is an organoammonium cation such as tetraethylammonium, M is a divalent metal such as zinc and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The PST-19 family of materials are among the first MeAPO-type molecular sieves to be stabilized by combinations of alkali and quaternary ammonium cations, enabling unique compositions. The PST-19 family of molecular sieves has the SBS topology and catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

A family of highly charged crystalline microporous metallophosphate molecular sieves designated PST-16 has been synthesized. These metallophosphates are represented by the empirical formula of:

R.sup.p+.sub.rA.sub.m.sup.+M.sub.xE.sub.yPO.sub.z

where A is an alkali metal such as potassium, R is an organoammonium cation such as ethyltrimethylammonium, M is a divalent metal such as zinc and E is a trivalent framework element such as aluminum or gallium. The PST-16 family of molecular sieves are stabilized by combinations of alkali and organoammonium cations, enabling unique metalloalumino(gallo)phosphate compositions and exhibit the CGS topology. The PST-17 family of molecular sieves has catalytic properties for carrying out various hydrocarbon conversion processes and separation properties for separating at least one component.

Methods, sorbent cartridges and cleaning devices are disclosed for refurbishing sorbent materials. In one implementation among multiple implementations, a medical fluid delivery method includes: providing a sorbent cartridge including H.sup.+ZP within a casing for a treatment; and after the treatment, refurbishing the H.sup.+ZP while maintained within the casing via (i) regenerating the non-disinfected H.sup.+ZP by flowing an acid solution through the casing, (ii) rinsing the regenerated H.sup.+ZP while maintained within the casing, (iii) disinfecting the regenerated and rinsed H.sup.+ZP by flowing a disinfecting agent through the casing, and (iv) rinsing the regenerated and disinfected H.sup.+ZP while maintained within the casing. Multiple batch sorbent refurbishing implementations are also disclosed.

Methods, sorbent cartridges and cleaning devices are disclosed for refurbishing sorbent materials. In one implementation among multiple implementations, a medical fluid delivery method includes: providing a sorbent cartridge including H.sup.+ZP within a casing for a treatment; and after the treatment, refurbishing the H.sup.+ZP while maintained within the casing via (i) regenerating the non-disinfected H.sup.+ZP by flowing an acid solution through the casing, (ii) rinsing the regenerated H.sup.+ZP while maintained within the casing, (iii) disinfecting the regenerated and rinsed H.sup.+ZP by flowing a disinfecting agent through the casing, and (iv) rinsing the regenerated and disinfected H.sup.+ZP while maintained within the casing. Multiple batch sorbent refurbishing implementations are also disclosed.

A detachable module for optionally recharging sorbent materials, including zirconium phosphate, with an optional bypass and conduits for a sorbent cartridge. The sorbent cartridge can have one or more modules contained therein having connectors connecting each of the modules. One or more of the modules can be reusable and the sorbent materials therein recharged.

Methods and devices for providing dialysis treatment are provided. The device comprises a cartridge for providing regenerative dialysis, the cartridge comprising: a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including at least a layer comprising urease, a layer comprising zirconium oxide, a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and a layer comprising carbon, wherein at least two of the layers are blended together to provide a gradient of the two materials.

Methods and devices for providing dialysis treatment are provided. The device comprises a cartridge for providing regenerative dialysis, the cartridge comprising: a body having an inlet and an outlet and defining an interior, the interior including at least a layer comprising urease, a layer comprising zirconium oxide, a layer comprising zirconium phosphate, and a layer comprising carbon, wherein at least two of the layers are blended together to provide a gradient of the two materials.

Process for the preparation of particles with antibacterial coating, which comprises the following steps: (a) providing an aqueous suspension containing a polyamine, a crosslinker and a porous organic or inorganic carrier material in particle form at a temperature lower than or equal to 10° C. in a mixer for coating the inorganic carrier material with the polyamine; (b) crosslinking the organic polymer in the pores of the inorganic carrier material and simultaneously removing water.