Apparatus (10; 110) for the micronization of a powdered material or product (P) comprising a micronizer mill (20), of the type with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid, in turn comprising a micronization chamber (20a), in which micronization chamber the powdered material (P) is micronized as a result of the collisions between its particles caused by the high-energy jets (G) of a first gaseous fluid (A), such as nitrogen or air, wherein the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronizer mill (20) is delimited by walls (20f) which have at least one porous portion which is traversed by a regular flow (f1), of a second gaseous fluid (F), aimed towards the interior of the micronization chamber, so as to avoid the formation of incrustations and/or accumulations of powdered material in the same micronization chamber (20a). More particularly the micronization apparatus (10) comprises a first outer annular chamber (20b) which extends around the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the first gaseous fluid (A) which generates the high-energy jets in the micronization chamber, and a second intermediate annular chamber (20d) which is associated with the porous wall (20f) which delimits the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) aimed to flow through this porous wall, or, in a variant (110) of the micronization apparatus, comprises instead of the first annular chamber a system of channels (120b) which convey the first gaseous fluid which generates the high-pressure jets and extend through the annular chamber (120d) fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) which traverses the porous wall. Advantageously the apparatus of the invention (10; 110), avoiding the formation of incrustations and similar accumulations inside the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronization mill (20) and in the adjacent areas, improves the efficiency of the micronization process and the quality of the micronized end product and moreover considerably reduces the costs of maintenance with respect to conventional micronization mills and apparatuses, with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid.

An apparatus and a method are for separating a plastic-based insulation material from a concrete-based constructional element, to which the insulation material is attached. The apparatus has at least one fluid-jetting device which is in fluid communication with a pressure-generating device to produce a fluid jet with a pressure sufficient to release the insulation material from the constructional element. The apparatus is configured to allow relative motion between the fluid-jetting device and the constructional element.

A device and method for preparing a nano-fragmented product. A polysaccharide slurry is circulated in a polysaccharide supply path (3) via a chamber (2). Specifically, using a pump (8), the polysaccharide slurry in a tank (7) is circulated in a circulation path (9) which is formed using a vinyl hose, a rubber hose or the like. On the other hand, another slurry than the polysaccharide slurry is circulated through a second fluid medium supply path (4) as another circulation path via the chamber (2). Specifically, using a pump (11), the slurry other than the polysaccharide slurry in a tank (10) is caused to pass through a heat exchanger (12) and a plunger (13) and thereby circulate in the other circulation path. The slurry other than the polysaccharide slurry circulated in the second fluid medium supply path (4) is orifice-injected against the polysaccharide slurry circulated in the polysaccharide slurry supply path (3) and flowing through the chamber (2).

A jet milling mechanism includes an impeller with a plurality of rotating members mounted for rotation in a housing. Each rotating member has multiple negative pressure blades formed thereon for producing multiple negative pressure zones therebetween and multiple positive pressure blades formed thereon for producing multiple positive pressure zones between the positive pressure blades. The pressure blades define at least four grinding areas each distributed circumferentially about the rotating member. Each of the negative and positive pressure blades has a straight portion and an arcuate portion, and upon rotation of the impeller, the pressure blades divert material-containing air to flow into corresponding grinding areas sequentially in one direction by way of the negative pressure zone and in another direction by way of the positive pressure zone to define a two-phase flow. The jet milling mechanism is installed on a motor shaft of a jet mill.

A method of increasing volume ratio of magnetic particles in a MnBi alloy includes operating a jet miller fed with a MnBi alloy powder containing magnetic particles and non-magnetic particles with gas flow parameters selected such that, only for the magnetic particles, a gas drag force is greater than a centrifugal force within the jet miller to separate the magnetic particles from the non-magnetic particles.

Various wear resistance designs may be applied to a reactor configured to facilitate chemical reactions, and/or comminution using shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A first gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity gas stream into the chamber. A first replaceable wear part may be disposed in the chamber to absorb wear impact caused by the gas stream. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be a cylindrical rod continuously fed into the chamber. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be coated with, or composed of, a catalytic material, and/or may be electrically isolated from the rest of the reactor. In some implementations, a second gas inlet may be disposed to steer the gas stream to a desired area within the chamber to even out the wear impact.

The invention is a method for producing milled elastomer, comprising the steps of directing a liquid jet from at least one nozzle on an elastomeric material moving in an at least partially transversal direction with respect to the discharge direction of the at least one nozzle. In the method according to the invention the liquid jet directed on the elastomeric material has a pressure of 650-1350 bar, and the elastomeric material is moved with respect to the at least one nozzle such that, in a first phase adapted for disintegrating a surface of the elastomeric material, the elastomeric material has a first forward-feed rate of 10 to 20 mm/s at a point of impact of the liquid jet in a direction transverse to the discharge direction, and, in a second phase after disintegrating the surface, the elastomeric material has a second forward-feed rate being decreased with 35-65% compared to the first forward-feed rate. The invention is, furthermore, an apparatus for producing milled elastomer.

Apparatus (10; 110) for the micronization of a powdered material or product (P) comprising a micronizer mill (20), of the type with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid, in turn comprising a micronization chamber (20a), in which micronization chamber the powdered material (P) is micronized as a result of the collisions between its particles caused by the high-energy jets (G) of a first gaseous fluid (A), such as nitrogen or air, wherein the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronizer mill (20) is delimited by walls (20f) which have at least one porous portion which is traversed by a regular flow (f1), of a second gaseous fluid (F), aimed towards the interior of the micronization chamber, so as to avoid the formation of incrustations and/or accumulations of powdered material in the same micronization chamber (20a). More particularly the micronization apparatus (10) comprises a first outer annular chamber (20b) which extends around the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the first gaseous fluid (A) which generates the high-energy jets in the micronization chamber, and a second intermediate annular chamber (20d) which is associated with the porous wall (20f) which delimits the micronization chamber (20a) and is fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) aimed to flow through this porous wall, or, in a variant (110) of the micronization apparatus, comprises instead of the first annular chamber a system of channels (120b) which convey the first gaseous fluid which generates the high-pressure jets and extend through the annular chamber (120d) fed by the second gaseous fluid (F) which traverses the porous wall. Advantageously the apparatus of the invention (10; 110), avoiding the formation of incrustations and similar accumulations inside the micronization chamber (20a) of the micronization mill (20) and in the adjacent areas, improves the efficiency of the micronization process and the quality of the micronized end product and moreover considerably reduces the costs of maintenance with respect to conventional micronization mills and apparatuses, with high-energy jets of a gaseous fluid.

Various wear resistance designs may be applied to a reactor configured to facilitate chemical reactions, and/or comminution using shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A first gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity gas stream into the chamber. A first replaceable wear part may be disposed in the chamber to absorb wear impact caused by the gas stream. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be a cylindrical rod continuously fed into the chamber. In some implementations, the first replaceable wear part may be coated with, or composed of, a catalytic material, and/or may be electrically isolated from the rest of the reactor. In some implementations, a second gas inlet may be disposed to steer the gas stream to a desired area within the chamber to even out the wear impact.

A reactor may be configured to facilitate chemical reactions and/or comminution of solid feed materials. The reactor may be configured to make use of shockwaves created in a supersonic gaseous vortex. The reactor may include a rigid chamber having a substantially circular cross-section. A gas inlet may be configured to introduce a high-velocity stream of gas into the chamber. The gas inlet may be disposed and arranged so as to effectuate a vortex of the stream of gas circulating within the chamber. The vortex may rotate at a supersonic speed about a longitudinal axis of the chamber. A material inlet may be configured to introduce a material to be processed into the chamber. The material may be processed within the chamber by nonabrasive mechanisms facilitated by shockwaves within the chamber. An outlet may be configured to emit the gas and processed material from the chamber.