There is disclosed a method and apparatus for separating stones, fibers and plastics from biodegradable material. In an embodiment, the apparatus comprises: an inclined trough having a feed entry at a top end for receiving the feed material, the inclined trough including a plurality of riffles angled to at least partially hinder and unsettle a flow of the feed material flowing down the inclined trough; one or more vibratory motors configured to induce a vibration in the inclined trough; one or more blowers configured to generate an air flow through overhead air vent nozzles positioned over the inclined trough and directing the air flow to one side of the inclined trough; and a material resilience separator for separating the contaminants from the biodegradable materials in the remaining material.

The present application is related to the process of automation of separation by identification, classification and quantification of grains and their possible pertinent materials through equipment that performs such events, aiming at the automation of the whole chain of separation, identification and classification. grain, thus eliminating the human action of the process and thus avoiding errors related to human interaction in the process. This process has 4 steps, as follows: grain and impurities entering the equipment; separation of impurities and grains: grain processing and qualitative and quantitative identification of grains and impurities. The process and equipment can be applied to the separation by identification, classification and quantification of grains such as soybeans, corn, among others, and their possible pertinent materials.

A method of valuation of raw fines materials, comprising selectively screening, biotreatment or composting of raw fines materials or selection as fillers in composites. The method comprises screening the raw fines materials to Grade 1 comprising fines materials of a size of at most about 5 mm and Grade 2 comprising fines materials of a size larger than about 5 mm; and at least one of: A) bio-oxydating organic contaminants of the Grade 1; by adding and mixing organic amendment under controlled temperature, nutrients content and water content conditions and monitoring a content of organic contaminants until the content of organic contaminants stops decreasing; and B) composting the Grade 1; by adding and mixing organic amendment under controlled temperature, nutrients content and water content conditions, and monitoring pathogens content and respiration rate; and stopping the addition of organic amendment upon detection of absence of pathogens at a predetermined respiration rate.

A generally elastic riffle assembly useful with a dry washer is provided with a frame that is receivable within the washer opening through which the mined particulates descend while the washer is agitated to separate the denser particulates and a set of inclined transverse riffles aligned across the frame to form wedge shaped transverse cavities in which the descending particulates are collected. Each of the riffles further include a plurality of generally vertical posts attached to their elevated edges which assist in the separation of the particulate flow and in setting off of the various modes of elastic motion of their corresponding riffle.

The invention relates to a system for the gravimetric sorting of a mixture of substances during the processing and/or the recycling of residual building materials and/or demolition materials, comprising a fractioning unit (2) adapted to divide the mixture of substances into at least m fractions (A, B, C); at least n.Math.m gravimetric densimetric tables (A.1, A.2.2, A.3.2), arranged in m cascades each with at least n densimetric tables distributed to n stages, wherein the fractioning unit is coupled to them densimetric tables (A.1) of the first stage such that a different one of the at least m fractions can be supplied to each of the densimetric tables of the first stage; wherein, within each cascade, each densimetric table of a considered stage (A.2.2, A.3.2) is coupled to a densimetric table (A.1, A.2.2) of the preceding stage such that either the first partial fraction or the second partial fraction (12, 22) of the densimetric table (A.1, A.2.2) of the preceding stage can be supplied to the densimetric table (A.2.2, A.3.2) of the considered stage. An appropriate method is also part of the invention.

The invention relates to a system for the gravimetric sorting of a mixture of substances during the processing and/or the recycling of residual building materials and/or demolition materials, comprising a fractioning unit (2) adapted to divide the mixture of substances into at least m fractions (A, B, C); at least n.Math.m gravimetric densimetric tables (A.1, A.2.2, A.3.2), arranged in m cascades each with at least n densimetric tables distributed to n stages, wherein the fractioning unit is coupled to them densimetric tables (A.1) of the first stage such that a different one of the at least m fractions can be supplied to each of the densimetric tables of the first stage; wherein, within each cascade, each densimetric table of a considered stage (A.2.2, A.3.2) is coupled to a densimetric table (A.1, A.2.2) of the preceding stage such that either the first partial fraction or the second partial fraction (12, 22) of the densimetric table (A.1, A.2.2) of the preceding stage can be supplied to the densimetric table (A.2.2, A.3.2) of the considered stage. An appropriate method is also part of the invention.

A combustion ash handling method of handling combustion ash discharged from a combustion furnace that combusts a petroleum-based fuel includes: separating the combustion ash into a heavy component and a light component by a dry-type separation technique; feeding the light component to the combustion furnace as a fuel; and recovering the heavy component. A metal such as vanadium is separated and extracted from the heavy component of the combustion ash.

A combustion ash handling method of handling combustion ash discharged from a combustion furnace that combusts a petroleum-based fuel includes: separating the combustion ash into a heavy component and a light component by a dry-type separation technique; feeding the light component to the combustion furnace as a fuel; and recovering the heavy component. A metal such as vanadium is separated and extracted from the heavy component of the combustion ash.

An intelligent control method for a dry dense medium fluidized bed separator includes supplying air to fluidize a bed; estimating an initial bed density according to a washability curve of a raw coal; detecting a magnetic material content in the bed to obtain a real-time bed density, and adjusting the real-time bed density according to a result from an analysis on a deviation from the initial bed density; during separation, adjusting a medium addition amount and a scraper discharge speed to maintain a stability of a bed height; separating the raw coal in the dry dense medium fluidized bed separator to obtain a clean coal product; and detecting a product ash content of the clean coal product, comparing the product ash content with a target ash content, and if a difference between the product ash content and the target ash content exceeds an expectation, adjusting the initial bed density.

An intelligent control method for a dry dense medium fluidized bed separator includes supplying air to fluidize a bed; estimating an initial bed density according to a washability curve of a raw coal; detecting a magnetic material content in the bed to obtain a real-time bed density, and adjusting the real-time bed density according to a result from an analysis on a deviation from the initial bed density; during separation, adjusting a medium addition amount and a scraper discharge speed to maintain a stability of a bed height; separating the raw coal in the dry dense medium fluidized bed separator to obtain a clean coal product; and detecting a product ash content of the clean coal product, comparing the product ash content with a target ash content, and if a difference between the product ash content and the target ash content exceeds an expectation, adjusting the initial bed density.