Processes for upgrading of a coal product and preparing of a purified coal product are provided. The process comprises the steps of: (i) providing a purified coal composition, wherein the composition is in the form of solid particles, and wherein at least about 90% by volume (% vol) of the solid particles are no greater than about 500 μm in diameter; and (ii) combining the purified coal composition with a solid coal feedstock, in order to create a combined solid-solid blend upgraded coal product.

A process for treating and dewatering tailings comprising fine clay minerals, fine rock-forming minerals and water is provided, comprising treating the tailings with a sufficient amount of a collector to modify the surface properties of both the fine clays and rock-forming minerals; subjecting the treated tailings to froth flotation to form a fine clays and rock-forming minerals froth layer; and recovering the froth layer and subjecting it to dewatering.

In a method for recovering a copper sulfide concentrate by froth flotation from an ore containing an iron sulfide, wet grinding of the ore with grinding media made of high chromium cast iron alloy having a chromium content of from 10 to 35% by weight is combined with an addition of hydrogen peroxide to the conditioned mineral pulp before or during flotation in order to improve concentrate grade and recovery of copper sulfides.

Presently claimed invention is directed to a collector composition for the beneficiation of a mineral comprising at least one component (A) selected from the group consisting of anionic (A1) surfactants, cationic (A2) surfactants, ampholytic (A3) surfactants and non-ionic surfactants (A4), and at least one component (B) selected from the group consisting of alkoxylated polyalkyleneimine (B1) and alkoxylated hexamethylene diamine (B2).

The present application relates to a concentration process of iron minerals from ultrafine tailings (slimes) from iron ore processing through reverse flotation with pH between 8.5 and 10.5 with the addition of amide-amine type collector, or further a mixture thereof with traditional cationic collectors (amines), in the absence of any depressant, alternatively including a step of high field magnetic concentration, which allows to obtain a concentrate with iron content higher than 66% and contents of SiO2+Al2O3 below 4%.

A method is provided for using flotation techniques for separating rare earth metal compounds from bastnaesite ore. The method can include grinding the ore to obtain an aqueous slurry of particles, adding a depressant agent to the slurry and adjusting the pH to a suitable value for the flotation process, adding a collector mixture to the slurry that includes at least one hydroxamic acid, and adding a frother agent to the slurry, followed by subjecting the slurry to froth flotation.

A method of recovering gold and copper from a sulfide ore includes (a) removing valuable fines from a product stream from a comminution circuit, such as a crushing and milling circuit, for run of mine ore and producing a valuable fines concentrate stream and (b) processing the remaining comminution product stream after valuable fines removal and producing a valuable coarse concentrate stream.

A minerals processing system (200, 300) comprising a flotation circuit (109) is characterized in that a dry grinding circuit precedes the flotation circuit (109). The dry grinding circuit may use a vertical roller mill (32) or roller grinder (302), and at least one dry air particle separation device (201, 304, 307) positioned between said vertical roller mill (32) or roller grinder (302) and the flotation circuit (109). The at least one dry air particle separation device (201, 304, 307) produces a dry fines stream (38) and a dry coarse stream (202). The coarse stream (202) is provided to the flotation circuit (109) to recover metal values, whereas the dry fines stream (38) circumvents the flotation circuit (109) and is combined with dewatered tailings (116) derived from material (110, 111) leaving the flotation circuit (109).

The coal-derived solid hydrocarbon particles are discrete particles of coal-derived carbonaceous matter having a particle size less than about 10 μm that are substantially free of inherent or entrained mineral matter. The particles of have an average particle size in the range from 1 μm to 8 μm. The particles of coal-derived carbonaceous matter are milled to a size approximately the same as a size of coal-derived mineral matter inherent in the coal source to release inherent coal-derived mineral matter particles such that the particles of carbonaceous matter and the particles of mineral matter are discrete and separable solid particles. Following separation, less than 1.5 wt. % discrete coal-derived mineral matter particles are associated with the discrete particles of coal-derived carbonaceous matter. Particles of coal-derived solid hydrocarbon matter are blended with a gaseous or liquid hydrocarbon fuel to form a two-phase hydrocarbon fuel feedstock.

A method of removing metal particles from a contaminated metalworking fluid comprising emulsion droplets and metal particles includes pressurizing a first clean metalworking fluid with gas to provide an aerated metalworking fluid; releasing the pressure of the aerated metalworking fluid to form a plurality of bubbles; applying a shear force to the contaminated metalworking fluid to separate the emulsion droplets from the metal particles; flowing the contaminated metalworking fluid with the aerated metalworking fluid in a laminar flow to form a combined fluid, wherein the flowing occurs during the formation of the plurality of bubbles and while the emulsion droplets are separated from the metal particles, and wherein the laminar flow lasts for a time sufficient for the plurality of bubbles to attach to the metal particles; releasing the combined fluid into a flotation tank; and removing the metal particles to form a second clean metalworking fluid.