An apparatus is provided for generating water droplets. The apparatus includes: a condensation rod for condensing water vapor in air surrounding the condensation rod on the condensation rod; a cooling device being in contact with the condensation rod for cooling the condensation rod; a discharge electrode group including a first electrode and a second electrode cooperating with each other, the first electrode and the second electrode being disposed laterally, and the first electrode and the second electrode are respectively disposed on both sides of the condensation rod; and a high voltage power supply for applying a high voltage to the discharge electrode group to generate a high voltage corona between the first electrode and the second electrode; where the discharge electrode group applies the high voltage corona to the condensation rod, so that condensed water on the condensation rod is excited by the high voltage corona to form atomized water droplets.

An apparatus is provided for generating water droplets. The apparatus includes: a condensation rod for condensing water vapor in air around the condensation rod on the condensation rod, the condensation rod being a cylinder that is rotationally symmetric about a central axis, and a circumferential surface of the cylinder being a condensing surface for aggregating condensed water; a cooling device being in contact with the condensation rod for cooling the condensation rod; an atomizing electrode; and a high voltage power supply for applying a high voltage to the atomizing electrode, and causing the condensed water on the condensation rod to be excited by a high pressure corona to form atomized water.

An electrostatic atomizer (100) includes: a spray electrode (1); a reference electrode (2); a current control section (24) for controlling a value of a current flowing through the reference electrode (2); and a voltage application section (22) for applying a voltage across the spray electrode (1) and the reference electrode (2), based on the value of the current controlled by the current control section (24), the reference electrode (2) having a tip whose shape has a specific curvature radius.

A method for controlling fiber cross-alignment in a nanofiber membrane, comprising: providing a multiple segment collector in an electrospinning device including a first and second segment electrically isolated from an intermediate segment positioned between the first and second segment, collectively presenting a cylindrical structure, rotating the cylindrical structure around a longitudinal axis proximate to an electrically charged fiber emitter; electrically grounding or charging edge conductors circumferentially resident on the first and second segment, maintaining intermediate collector electrically neutral; dispensing electrospun fiber toward the collector, the fiber attaching to edge conductors and spanning the separation space between edge conductors; attracting electrospun fiber attached to the edge conductors to the surface of the cylindrical structure, forming a first fiber layer; increasing or decreasing rotation speed of the cylindrical structure to alter the angular cross-alignment relationship between aligned nanofibers in adjacent layers, the rotation speed being altered to achieve a target relational angle.

A voltage application device includes a voltage application circuit. The voltage application circuit applies application voltage between discharge electrode and counter electrode which face each other with a clearance left from each other to generate a discharge. The voltage application device forms discharge path partially and dielectrically broken between discharge electrode and counter electrode when a discharge is generated. Discharge path includes first dielectric breakdown region formed around discharge electrode, and second dielectric breakdown region formed around counter electrode.

An induction device for electrification of droplets of hydraulic nozzles comprises: an electrode comprising one or more attachment legs; and an induction electrode holder configured to receive the electrode, wherein the one or more attachment legs are fixed within tubular structures of the induction electrode holder, and wherein a finite distance is formed between an outer surface of each attachment leg in the one or more attachment legs and an inner surface of each tube of the tubular structures.

A method for controlling fiber cross-alignment in a nanofiber membrane, comprising: providing a multiple segment collector in an electrospinning device including a first and second segment electrically isolated from an intermediate segment positioned between the first and second segment, collectively presenting a cylindrical structure, rotating the cylindrical structure around a longitudinal axis proximate to an electrically charged fiber emitter; electrically grounding or charging edge conductors circumferentially resident on the first and second segment, maintaining intermediate collector electrically neutral; dispensing electrospun fiber toward the collector, the fiber attaching to edge conductors and spanning the separation space between edge conductors; attracting electrospun fiber attached to the edge conductors to the surface of the cylindrical structure, forming a first fiber layer; increasing or decreasing rotation speed of the cylindrical structure to alter the angular cross-alignment relationship between aligned nanofibers in adjacent layers, the rotation speed being altered to achieve a target relational angle.

A voltage application device includes a voltage application circuit. The voltage application circuit applies application voltage between discharge electrode and counter electrode which face each other with a clearance left from each other to generate a discharge. The voltage application device forms discharge path partially and dielectrically broken between discharge electrode and counter electrode when a discharge is generated. Discharge path includes first dielectric breakdown region formed around discharge electrode, and second dielectric breakdown region formed around counter electrode.

A method for controlling fiber cross-alignment in a nanofiber membrane, comprising: providing a multiple segment collector in an electrospinning device including a first and second segment electrically isolated from an intermediate segment positioned between the first and second segment, collectively presenting a cylindrical structure, rotating the cylindrical structure around a longitudinal axis proximate to an electrically charged fiber emitter; electrically grounding or charging edge conductors circumferentially resident on the first and second segment, maintaining intermediate collector electrically neutral; dispensing electrospun fiber toward the collector, the fiber attaching to edge conductors and spanning the separation space between edge conductors; attracting electrospun fiber attached to the edge conductors to the surface of the cylindrical structure, forming a first fiber layer; increasing or decreasing rotation speed of the cylindrical structure to alter the angular cross-alignment relationship between aligned nanofibers in adjacent layers, the rotation speed being altered to achieve a target relational angle.

A method and apparatus for fabricating multifunction membranes comprising cross-aligned nanofiber in an electrospinning device, the method comprising providing a multiple segment collector including at least a first segment, a second segment, and an intermediate segment to collectively present an elongated cylindrical structure; electrically charging an edge conductor circumferentially resident on the first segment and on the second segment; rotating the elongated cylindrical structure on a drive unit around a longitudinal axis; the elongated cylindrical structure holding electrospun fiber substantially aligned with the longitudinal axis when the edge conductors are excited with a charge of opposite polarity relative to charged fiber, and attracting electrospun fiber on to its surface around the longitudinal axis at least when the edge conductors are absent a charge or grounded and a charged electrode is positioned opposite a fiber emitter; and repeating the process multiple times to form layers of nanofibers encapsulating agents of interest.