A shower head is supplied with an annular airflow which surrounds a column of water travelling through a chamber to produce a suspension of water droplets in air, the diameter and length of the chamber and the diameter of the water column are selected in combination with the fluid flow parameters to operate the shower within a defined parameter space corresponding to the non-axisymmetric Rayleigh breakup regime, where the water column remains intact and spaced apart from the chamber wall for the entire length Lc of the chamber, where the airflow perturbs the water column within the chamber causing it to disintegrate into droplets downstream of the chamber outlet, and where multiple chambers are moulded on non-parallel axes with elastomeric linings facilitating withdrawal of the mould tool.

Provided is a spray head structure (1), comprising an airflow pipe (10), a rotary member (30), a load member (70), a tan component (100), a spoiler pipe (41) and a liquid flow pipe (50), wherein the rotary member (30) is rotatable sleeved on the airflow pipe (10), the load member (70) is mounted at the rotary member (30) to increase the load so as to improve the torsion of the rotary member, the fan component (100) is mounted at the rotary member (30). the spoiler pipe (41) is fixedly arranged on the rotary member (30) and is provided with a spoiler channel (41) in communication with the airflow pipe (10), and the spoiler channel (41) is provided with an outlet end (411), and an injection path forming an acute angle 0 with the axis of the airflow pipe (10), Gas at a high flow rate enables the spoiler pipe to drive the rotary member to rotate relative to the airflow pipe, such that the fan component is driven to rotate to form an airflow, so that the air flow can flow from the fan component to the outlet end to improve the atomization effect thereof, or can flow from the outlet end to the fan component to perform the suction of impurities.

Methods are provided for producing an intermittent liquid jet are provided that involve delivering a liquid through a gas dynamic nozzle, which includes an inner tube carrying the liquid, an outer tube carrying a focussing sheath gas, an exit channel and an exit aperture, injecting a stream of the liquid into the exit channel, wherein the liquid is enclosed by the focussing sheath gas in the exit channel, controlling emission of the liquid from the inner tube into the exit channel to produce a periodic, linear intermittent liquid jet including spurts of linear continuous jet sections separated by liquid-free gaps, and output of the intermittent liquid jet through the exit aperture. Furthermore, methods of scattering measurements on samples in a liquid using the method of producing an intermittent liquid jet and an injector device for producing an intermittent liquid jet are described.

A spraying apparatus includes: an inner lid; a flow guide plate; and an annular member, wherein a liquid is introduced into a gas -liquid mixing section between the inner lid, the flow guide plate, and the annular member from an inner lid plate of the inner lid, the inner lid plate being a flat plate located upstream of the spraying apparatus and proximate the gas-liquid mixing section, and a gas is introduced into the gas-liquid mixing section from an opposite position, the liquid is atomized in the gas-liquid mixing section by the liquid impinging with the gas and transforming into a gas-liquid mixed fluid, and advancing to a spouting portion as the gas-liquid mixed fluid is circulated in the gas-liquid mixing section along the internal surface of the annular member on the flow guide plate and facing the gas-liquid mixing section.

A method and apparatus include a housing, a metered core, and an air vortex core. The housing includes a first end and a second end. The housing includes an air inlet opening at the first end to receive air from a blower distinct from the apparatus and a fogging outlet opening to output a fog at the second end. The housing couples to a liquid container that stores a fogging liquid and to the blower. The metered core, disposed within the housing, includes a first plurality of radial angled fins to create a low-pressure zone within the housing which draws the fogging liquid from the liquid container into the housing. The air vortex core, disposed between the metered core and the fogging outlet opening, includes a second plurality of radial angled fins to mix the fogging liquid with the air and guide the fog exiting the housing at the fogging outlet opening.

A spraying apparatus for applying a friction modifying fluid to a railroad rail, comprising: a nozzle body disposed in a housing; a fluid inlet conduit in fluid communication with an opening in housing; a fluid inlet disposed in the housing in fluid communication with a first fluid conduit defined by or disposed in the nozzle body; wherein the first fluid conduit runs from fluid inlet to a hollow nozzle tip body disposed on and protruding through a bottom of housing and wherein fluid inlet is also disposed below, and in fluid communication with, the fluid inlet conduit; a control fluid supply line and an atomizing fluid supply line each partially disposed in the housing and each having respective portions external of the housing for connecting with the same fluid supply or respective fluid supplies; wherein the control fluid supply line injects a pressurized control fluid against a piston assembly disposed in a piston cavity; wherein the piston assembly carries stopper needle which is biased towards hollow nozzle tip body by a spring so that the needle closes a nozzle tip opening of hollow nozzle tip body; wherein the atomizing fluid supply line provides a pressurized atomizing fluid into hollow nozzle tip body to atomize the first fluid supplied by the first fluid conduit into the hollow nozzle tip body via a fluid cap disposed on the hollow nozzle tip body; wherein in operation the control fluid supply line and the atomizing fluid supply line are operated simultaneously while the first fluid is supplied by the first fluid conduit into the hollow nozzle tip body via a fluid cap such that the pressurized control fluid injected by control fluid supply line against a piston assembly displaces needle out of the nozzle tip opening and allows the first fluid to exit out of the nozzle tip opening where the first fluid is atomized by the pressurized atomizing fluid supplied by the atomizing fluid supply line.

A nozzle assembly for a cold spray deposition system includes a nozzle body with an axial bore. The axial bore defines a converging segment, a diverging segment downstream of the converging segment, and a throat fluidly connected between the converging and diverging segments of the axial bore. A particulate conduit is fixed within the axial bore and extends along the axial bore diverging segment for issuing solid particulate into the diverging segment of the axial bore.

A nozzle assembly for a cold spray deposition system includes a nozzle body with an axial bore. The axial bore defines a converging segment, a diverging segment downstream of the converging segment, and a throat fluidly connected between the converging and diverging segments of the axial bore. A particulate conduit is fixed within the axial bore and extends along the axial bore diverging segment for issuing solid particulate into the diverging segment of the axial bore.

Provided is a spray head structure (1), comprising an airflow pipe (10), a rotary member (30), a load member (70), a tan component (100), a spoiler pipe (41) and a liquid flow pipe (50), wherein the rotary member (30) is rotatable sleeved on the airflow pipe (10), the load member (70) is mounted at the rotary member (30) to increase the load so as to improve the torsion of the rotary member, the fan component (100) is mounted at the rotary member (30). the spoiler pipe (41) is fixedly arranged on the rotary member (30) and is provided with a spoiler channel (41) in communication with the airflow pipe (10), and the spoiler channel (41) is provided with an outlet end (411), and an injection path forming an acute angle 0 with the axis of the airflow pipe (10), Gas at a high flow rate enables the spoiler pipe to drive the rotary member to rotate relative to the airflow pipe, such that the fan component is driven to rotate to form an airflow, so that the air flow can flow from the fan component to the outlet end to improve the atomization effect thereof, or can flow from the outlet end to the fan component to perform the suction of impurities.

An annular airflow regulating apparatus includes a cup-shaped element and an adjustment element. The cup-shaped element has a bowl and a bottom, integrated to form a first chamber. The bottom has a tapered channel parallel to an axis and penetrating through the bottom. A ring-shaped groove is disposed between the tapered channel and the bottom. The ring-shaped groove has an annular plane perpendicular to the axis. The adjustment element, having a tapered portion and second holes, is movably disposed in the cup-shaped element. The tapered portion protrudes into the tapered channel A tapered annular gap is formed between the tapered portion and the tapered channel. When the adjustment element is moved with respect to the cup-shaped element, a width of the tapered annular gap is varied, and thereupon a flow rate and velocity of the process gas would be varied accordingly.