A camera cover is provided. The camera cover has a coating formed on a surface of the camera cover. The coating contains a urethane acrylate resin. The camera cover has a dome shape and is designed to protect an image capturing unit. An arithmetic mean roughness Ra of a surface of the coating is no greater than 0.8 μm.

A zirconium nitride powder having a volume resistivity of 107 Ω.Math.cm or more in the state of the pressurized powder body hardened at a pressure of 5 MPa, and a particle size distribution D90 of 10 μm or less when ultrasonically dispersed for 5 minutes in a state of being diluted with water or an alcohol having a carbon number of which is in a range of 2 to 5. Also, the zirconium nitride powder is dispersed in an acrylic monomer or an epoxy monomer to prepare a monomer dispersion. Further, the zirconium nitride powder is dispersed in a dispersing medium as a black pigment and further a resin is mixed to prepare a black composition.

An apparatus having an asymmetric adjustable lens with a deformable optical element. The apparatus may also include one or more actuators coupled to a deformable element of the asymmetric adjustable lens in a direct-drive configuration such that (1) mechanical action of the one or more actuators applies force to the deformable optical element and (2) the force applied by the mechanical action of the one or more actuators changes an optical property of the asymmetric adjustable lens by deforming the deformable optical element. Various other devices, systems, and methods are also disclosed.

Embodiments of the invention include methods and structures for controlling developer critical dimension (DCD) variations across a wafer surface. Aspects of the invention include an apparatus having developer tubing and an internal cam. The internal cam is coupled to a fixed axis. A flexible divider is positioned between the developer tubing and the internal cam. The flexible divider is coupled to the internal cam such that rotation of the internal cam about the fixed axis is operable to change an inner diameter of the developer tubing.

Highly efficient, multi-functional anti-icing compositions and methods of their use are provided. Anti-icing compositions include hydrogels configured to form thin film coatings on various surfaces via spin coating under UV irradiation. Multifunctional anti-icing platforms are based on polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)-grafted polyelectrolyte hydrogels. Methods for grafting hydrophobic polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) chains onto a hydrophilic polyelectrolyte network containing various counterions, forming a multifunctional hybrid anti-icing hydrogel are also provided.

A method of layer-by-layer deposition for thin-film fabrication and a layer-by-layer deposition apparatus for thin-film fabrication. The method comprises the steps of at least partially immersing a substrate in a reservoir of a charged solution to deposit a layer on the substrate and spraying the substrate with an atomized charged solution to deposit a layer on the substrate.

A metallic nanowire: conductive polymer composite is fabricated. A metallic nanowire layer is formed by a process that leaves an organic ligand residue on the metallic nanowire layer. A conductive polymer film is formed on a supporting substrate. The metallic nanowire layer is integrated with the conductive polymer film to form a metallic nanowire: conductive polymer composite. The metallic nanowire: conductive polymer composite is wet by a reaction solution including a source of metal ions, at least one acid, and a solvent for a period of time sufficient to remove the organic ligand residues from the metallic nanowire layer and sufficient to grow metal nanoparticles from the source of metal ions to create metal interconnections at junctions where the two or more nanowires in the metallic nanowire layer touch each other. Following growth of the nanoparticles, the nanowire: conductive polymer composite is removed from the reaction solution and dried.

Provided are a transparent member having excellent transparency and maintaining anti-fogging properties for a long period of time and a method for producing a transparent member. A transparent member includes a substrate and a stacked body having an organic layer and an inorganic porous layer stacked on the substrate in the mentioned order such that the both layers are in contact with each other, in which the organic layer includes an organic molecular chain network including an organic polymer chain and an organic crosslinking chain having 3 or more to 30 or less carbon atoms, and an acidic group aggregate, and in which the inorganic porous layer has hydrophilicity and includes silicon oxide.

A method of making a mirror for use with extreme ultraviolet (EUV) or X-ray radiation is disclosed. The method includes: a) providing an optical element having a curved mirror surface, wherein the curved mirror surface comprises localized defects that degrade performance of the curved mirror surface; b) spin-coating the curved mirror surface with a material to cover at least some of the defects; and c) curing the spin-coated material on the curved mirror surface to reduce the number of defects and improve the performance of the curved mirror surface. Also disclosed is a mirror made by the method.

A method is described for inhibiting marine fouling on a surface. The surface is contacted with a composition comprising a waterborne polyurethane that is crosslinked with an acrylic acid functionalized polysaccharide, water, and a preservative. The composition is then dried to form a deposited film. The polysaccharide may be xanthan.