Provided are new aluminum alloys for use as one or more cladding layer(s) in clad aluminum alloy products for brazing applications. The cladding layer(s) include constituents that break and remove the oxide film on metal parts to be joined to produce high-strength brazing joints without the use of corrosive flux. Also provided herein are corrosion-resistant aluminum sheet packages including one or more of the aluminum alloy cladding layer(s) and an aluminum alloy core.

A composite material can include a carrier material that is coated, at least over part of the surface, with a corrosion protection layer made of an aluminum alloy. The composite material can provide a defined, effective, durable corrosion protection and simultaneously have a high recycling potential. The aluminum alloy of the corrosion protection layer can have the following composition in % by weight: TABLE-US-00001 0.8 ≦ Mn ≦ 1.8 Zn ≦ 0.05 Cu ≦ 0.05 Si ≦ 1.0 Cr ≦ 0.25 Zr ≦ 0.25 Mg ≦ 0.10
remainder aluminum and unavoidable impurities, individually a maximum of 0.05% by weight, in total a maximum of 0.15% by weight.

The present invention relates to steel sheet realizing both formability and weldability. The steel sheet of the present invention is characterized in that at a surface layer part of a region down to 30 μm from the surface of the steel sheet in the sheet thickness direction, Al oxide grains are present in 3000 to 6000/mm.sup.2 in number density, the natural logarithms of the particle sizes of the Al oxide grains measured in μm units are on the average −5.0 to −3.5, the standard error is 0.6 or less, and the number of Al oxide grains with deviations of the natural logarithms of the particle sizes from the average larger than 2 times the standard error is 5% or less of the total number of Al oxide grains and at a position of ½ of the thickness of the steel sheet, the number density of the Al oxide grains is 1000/mm.sup.2 or less.

Described are methods of preparing compositionally gradient aluminum alloy products. The methods may include casting a composite ingot in a mold. The composite ingot may include an inner region comprising a first aluminum alloy, an outer region surrounding the inner region, and a compositionally gradient zone between the inner region and the outer region. The outer region may include a second aluminum alloy different from the first aluminum alloy. At least one alloying element of the first aluminum alloy may have a content that is decreased through the compositionally gradient zone in a direction from the inner region to the outer region. Also described are aluminum alloy composite ingots and rolled aluminum alloy products having a compositionally gradient zone.

The present invention relates to steel sheet realizing both formability and weldability. The steel sheet of the present invention is characterized in that at a surface layer part of a region down to 30 μm from the surface of the steel sheet in the sheet thickness direction, Si oxide grains are present in 3000 to 6000/mm.sup.2 in number density, an average of natural logarithms of the particle sizes of the Si oxide grains measured in m units is −2.0 to −1.2, the standard error of the natural logarithms of the particle sizes is 0.6 or less, and the number of Si oxide grains with deviations of the natural logarithms of the particle sizes from the average larger than 2 times the standard error is 5% or less of the total number of Si oxide grains and at a position of ½ of the thickness of the steel sheet, the number density of the Si oxide grains is 1000/mm.sup.2 or less.

The present invention relates to steel sheet realizing both formability and weldability. The steel sheet of the present invention is characterized in that at a surface layer part of a region down to 30 μm from the surface of the steel sheet in the sheet thickness direction, Si oxide grains are present in 3000 to 6000/mm.sup.2 in number density, an average of natural logarithms of the particle sizes of the Si oxide grains measured in μm units is −2.0 to −1.2, the standard error of the natural logarithms of the particle sizes is 0.6 or less, and the number of Si oxide grains with deviations of the natural logarithms of the particle sizes from the average larger than 2 times the standard error is 5% or less of the total number of Si oxide grains and at a position of ½ of the thickness of the steel sheet, the number density of the Si oxide grains is 1000/mm.sup.2 or less.

An induction coil assembly associated with controlling the flow of molten material used in casting or deposition of precious and/or non-precious metals on a substrate is disclosed. The assembly comprises one or more induction coils associated with induction melting of electrically conductive material by applying a predetermined current value. The assembly further comprises a crucible comprising the electrically conductive material in which an electromagnetic field is generated therein by the predetermined current value applied to the induction coils. The electromagnetic field associated with the electrically conductive material is modulated; and is used to generate smaller units of the electrically conductive material by interrupting velocity of a flow of the material in order to produce grains or apply layers on the substrate. Corresponding methods are also disclosed.

The invention relates to a ballistic steel or wear-resistant steel (1) made up of a multilayer steel materials composite comprising a first layer (1.1) composed of a steel which in the hardened or tempered state has a hardness of >350 HBW and at least one second layer (1.2) which is composed of a steel which is softer compared to the first layer (1.1) and is joined by substance-to-substance bonding to the first layer (1.1), wherein the second layer (1.2) has a hardness which is at least 20% lower than that of the first layer (1.1) in the hardened or tempered state. The invention further relates to a corresponding use of the ballistic steel or wear-resistant steel (1).

A continuous casting apparatus for a multilayered slab includes a ladle having a molten steel supply nozzle; a tundish having a first retention portion that receives supply of the molten steel from the ladle through the molten steel supply nozzle and has a first immersion nozzle and a second retention portion that is adjacent to the first retention portion with a flow path interposed therebetween and has a second immersion nozzle; an addition mechanism that adds a predetermined element to the molten steel in the second retention portion; and a casting mold that receives supply of the molten steel from the tundish.

The invention relates to a three-layer wear-resistant steel or ballistic steel. The invention further relates to a process for producing a component from the wear-resistant steel or ballistic steel and also a corresponding use.