A primary object of the present invention is to provide a technique of avoiding occurrence of surface defects caused by an electromagnetic brake while checking internal defects with this electromagnetic brake, so that cleanliness of a cast steel can be improved compared with prior arts, and the present invention provides a method for continuously casting steel, the method comprising supplying molten steel into a mold while applying an electromagnetic brake to an outlet flow discharged from an outlet port of an immersion nozzle, wherein magnetic flux density (B) of the electromagnetic brake is within a range of the following (Formula 1):

[00001]$\begin{array}{cc}{B}_{\min }\le B\le B_{\max },.Math.B_{\min }=\frac{800.Math.{\left(\frac{D_{\max }}{D_0}\right)}^3.Math.\left(\frac{H_{\mathrm{SEN}}}{H_0}\right)}{\left(v.Math.\sin .Math..Math.\theta \right)},\mathrm{and}.Math..Math.B_{\max }=\frac{3000.Math.{\left(\frac{D_{\max }}{D_0}\right)}^3.Math.\left(\frac{H_{\mathrm{SEN}}}{H_0}\right)}{{\left(v.Math.\sin .Math..Math.\theta \right)}^2}.& \left(\mathrm{Formula}.Math..Math.1\right)\end{array}$

Disclosed herein is a casting cluster for casting a body of a golf club head made of titanium or a titanium alloy. The casting cluster comprises a receptor and a plurality of runners coupled to the receptor and configured to receive molten metal from the receptor. The casting cluster also includes at least twenty-eight main gates. At least two of the main gates are coupled to each of the runners and each main gate is configured to receive molten metal from a corresponding one of the plurality of runners. The casting cluster further comprises at least twenty-eight molds. Each mold of the at least twenty-eight molds is configured to receive molten metal from a corresponding one of the main gates and to cast a body of a golf club head that has a volume of at least 100 cm.sup.3.

A breakout prediction method includes: a step of inputting a dimension of a solid product withdrawn from a mold in a continuous casting machine; a step of detecting a temperature of the mold by a plurality of thermometers embedded in the mold; a step of executing interpolation processing on the detected temperatures detected by the plurality of thermometers according to the dimension of the solid product; a step of calculating, based on the temperatures calculated by executing the interpolation processing, a component in a direction orthogonal to an influence coefficient vector obtained by principal component analysis as a degree of deviation from during a normal operation in which a breakout has not occurred; and a step of predicting a breakout based on the degree of deviation.

A breakout prediction method includes: a step of inputting a dimension of a solid product withdrawn from a mold in a continuous casting machine; a step of detecting a temperature of the mold by a plurality of thermometers embedded in the mold; a step of executing interpolation processing on the detected temperatures detected by the plurality of thermometers according to the dimension of the solid product; a step of calculating, based on the temperatures calculated by executing the interpolation processing, a component in a direction orthogonal to an influence coefficient vector obtained by principal component analysis as a degree of deviation from during a normal operation in which a breakout has not occurred; and a step of predicting a breakout based on the degree of deviation.

Provided herein is a system, apparatus, and method for continuous casting of metal, and more particularly, to a mechanism for controlling the shape of a direct chill casting mold to dynamically control a profile of an ingot cast from the mold during the casting process. Embodiments may provide an apparatus for casting material including: first and second opposing side walls; first and second end walls extending between the first and second side walls, where the first and second opposing side walls and the first and second opposing end walls form a generally rectangular shaped mold cavity. At least one of the first and second opposing side walls may include two or more contact regions, where each of the two or more contact regions may be configured to be displaced relative to a straight line along the side wall.

Disclosed herein is a casting cluster for casting a body of a golf club head made of titanium or a titanium alloy. The casting cluster comprises a receptor and a plurality of runners coupled to the receptor and configured to receive molten metal from the receptor. The casting cluster also includes at least twenty-eight main gates. At least two of the main gates are coupled to each of the runners and each main gate is configured to receive molten metal from a corresponding one of the plurality of runners. The casting cluster further comprises at least twenty-eight molds. Each mold of the at least twenty-eight molds is configured to receive molten metal from a corresponding one of the main gates and to cast a body of a golf club head that has a volume of at least 100 cm.sup.3.

This electromagnetic stirring device configured to apply an electromagnetic force which generates a swirling flow around a vertical axis to molten metal in a mold by generating a rotating magnetic field in the mold, which is a quadrangular tubular mold for continuous casting, the electromagnetic stirring device provided with an iron core enclosing the mold at a side of the mold and including two teeth arranged side by side in a circumferential direction of the mold so as to face an outer side surface for each of outer side surfaces of the mold, coils wound around the respective teeth of the iron core, and a power supply device which applies an alternating current to each of the coils with a phase shift by 90° in arrangement order of the coils so as to generate the rotating magnetic field.

A continuously casting method including arranging temperature measuring elements according to specified conditions, selecting as evaluation targets for temperatures of copper plates on a wide face of mold values measured by the temperature measuring elements arranged closer to a center in a width direction of a cast slab than short sides of the cast slab under continuous casting at levels of 50 mm or more lower in a slab withdrawal direction than a meniscus of a molten steel in a mold, and adjusting a casting condition such that a standard deviation of the values measured over the width direction of the copper plates on the wide face of mold at a same level in the slab withdrawal direction is 20° C. or lower.

Metal sheets (13) are produced from strand-shaped profiles (8) having a low thickness, made of magnesium or magnesium alloys by way of an extrusion system (1). The open or closed extruded profile (8) exiting the extrusion die (6-7) of an extrusion press (1) is shaped to obtain a flat metal sheet (13) and is then subjected to a defined shaping process by way of stretch-forming. The system for carrying out the method is essentially composed of an extrusion press (1) comprising a die plate generating the extruded profile and a shaping unit (5) following the die plate, wherein the shaping unit (5) is composed of a severing unit (2), a bending unit (3), and an unrolling unit (4).

Metal sheets (13) are produced from strand-shaped profiles (8) having a low thickness, made of magnesium or magnesium alloys by way of an extrusion system (1). The open or closed extruded profile (8) exiting the extrusion die (6-7) of an extrusion press (1) is shaped to obtain a flat metal sheet (13) and is then subjected to a defined shaping process by way of stretch-forming. The system for carrying out the method is essentially composed of an extrusion press (1) comprising a die plate generating the extruded profile and a shaping unit (5) following the die plate, wherein the shaping unit (5) is composed of a severing unit (2), a bending unit (3), and an unrolling unit (4).