A device for continuously removing impurities from molten metal includes a molten metal flow path body, an inlet-side closed end plate and an outlet-side closed end plate are provided in the molten metal flow path body so as to form an impurity removal space, an electrode device composed of an inlet-side electrode and an outlet-side electrode that face each other in a longitudinal direction of the molten metal flow path body, a magnetic field device composed of a pair of permanent magnets that face each other in a width direction, sandwich the impurity removal space, and an urging device composed of the electrode device and the magnetic field device applies a Lorentz force downward to molten metal in the impurity removal space so as to increase a density of the molten metal and cause impurities in the molten metal to rise up to a surface of the molten metal.

A device for continuously removing impurities from molten metal includes a molten metal flow path body, an inlet-side closed end plate and an outlet-side closed end plate are provided in the molten metal flow path body so as to form an impurity removal space, an electrode device composed of an inlet-side electrode and an outlet-side electrode that face each other in a longitudinal direction of the molten metal flow path body, a magnetic field device composed of a pair of permanent magnets that face each other in a width direction, sandwich the impurity removal space, and an urging device composed of the electrode device and the magnetic field device applies a Lorentz force downward to molten metal in the impurity removal space so as to increase a density of the molten metal and cause impurities in the molten metal to rise up to a surface of the molten metal.

Disclosed herein are gas control systems and associated methods of controlling gas in a mold in casting, such as aluminum casting. The system may have a first mass controller, a second mass controller, and a control device capable of switching the gas control system between a first operating state and a second operating state. The first mass controller and the second mass controller may have different flow rate ranges. In the first operating state, the gas control system may deactivate one of the first or second mass controllers, and in the second operating state, the gas control system may activate both first and second mass controllers.

An apparatus for continuous casting of molten material includes an elongate tube of electrically conductive material having an inner and an outer wall defining a molding cavity therein, the inner and outer walls having a first end having an inlet for receiving the molten material and a second end having an outlet for removing a solidifying billet formed from the molten material; an electrical coil with inner and outer surfaces, the electrical coil arranged to surround the outer wall of the elongate tube; and an annular channel defined by the outer wall of the elongate tube and the inner surface of the electrical coil. When pulsating current passes through the electrical coil, a counter current is induced in the elongate mold causing a repelling force between the electrical coil and the elongate mold, thereby causing inward radial flexure of the elongate mold.

An aluminum alloy forging formed of an aluminum alloy containing Cu: 0.15% to 1.0%, Mg: 0.6% to 1.35%, Si: 0.95% to 1.45%, Mn: 0.4% to 0.6%, Fe: 0.2% to 0.7%, Cr: 0.05% to 0.35%, Ti: 0.012% to 0.035%, B: 0.0001% to 0.03%, Zn: 0.25% or less, Zr: 0.05% or less (all % given by mass), and a remainder consisting of Al and inevitable impurities, in which a crystal grain diameter where a maximum principal stress is applied is 20 to 40 m. The aluminum alloy forging has a structure in which an average shortest distance from a precipitate having a major axis of 0.1 m or more to a crystal grain boundary in a cross-sectional structure with a visual field area of 8,000 m.sup.2 is in a range of 0.1 m to 2.0 m, and a fatigue life at a load stress of 150 MPa is 610.sup.6.

The disclosure provides a fine-grain tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip and a preparation method thereof. The fine-grain tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-10 wt % of Sn, 0.01-0.3 wt % of P and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurity elements, the average grain size of the tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip is 1-3 m, the grain size is in normal distribution, and the standard deviation of the grain size is 0.9 m or below; the proportion of the total low-CSL grain boundary in the tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip in the whole grain boundary is 66-74%, and in the total low-CSL grain boundary, the ratio range of (9+27)/3 is 0.12-0.23:1. The fine-grain tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip of this disclosure enables a finished strip can have the tensile strength and the excellent bending performance at the same time.

The disclosure provides a fine-grain tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip and a preparation method thereof. The fine-grain tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-10 wt % of Sn, 0.01-0.3 wt % of P and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurity elements, the average grain size of the tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip is 1-3 m, the grain size is in normal distribution, and the standard deviation of the grain size is 0.9 m or below; the proportion of the total low-CSL grain boundary in the tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip in the whole grain boundary is 66-74%, and in the total low-CSL grain boundary, the ratio range of (9+27)/3 is 0.12-0.23:1. The fine-grain tin-phosphor bronze alloy strip of this disclosure enables a finished strip can have the tensile strength and the excellent bending performance at the same time.

The disclosure provides a modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy and a preparation method thereof. The modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-10 wt % of Sn, 0.01-0.3 wt % of P and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurity elements, the average grain size of the modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy is 1-3 m, the grain size is in normal distribution, and the standard deviation of the grain size is below 0.8 m; the proportion of the total low-CSL grain boundary in the modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy in the whole grain boundary is 66-74%, and in the total low-CSL grain boundary, the ratio range of (9+27)/3 is (0.12-0.23):1. The modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy of this disclosure enables a finished alloy can give consideration to both tensile strength and excellent bending performance.

The disclosure provides a modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy and a preparation method thereof. The modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 4.0-10 wt % of Sn, 0.01-0.3 wt % of P and the balance of Cu and inevitable impurity elements, the average grain size of the modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy is 1-3 m, the grain size is in normal distribution, and the standard deviation of the grain size is below 0.8 m; the proportion of the total low-CSL grain boundary in the modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy in the whole grain boundary is 66-74%, and in the total low-CSL grain boundary, the ratio range of (9+27)/3 is (0.12-0.23):1. The modified tin-phosphor bronze alloy of this disclosure enables a finished alloy can give consideration to both tensile strength and excellent bending performance.

Aluminum alloy ingot containing Cu: 0.3 to 1.0 mass %, Mg: 0.6 to 1.2 mass %, Si: 0.9 to 1.4 mass %, Mn: 0.4 to 0.6 mass %, Fe: 0.1 to 0.7 mass %, Cr: 0.09 to 0.25 mass %, and Ti: 0.012 to 0.035 mass %, and in an X-ray diffraction pattern measured using Cu-K rays, a peak height of a diffraction peak at a diffraction angle 2 of 41.6 to 42.0 is a value smaller than 6 times a standard deviation of a background X-ray intensity in a range of a full width at half maximum of the diffraction peak, and in a heat-treated product after heating at 450 C. for 1 hour, a peak height of the diffraction peak at a diffraction angle 2 of 41.6 to 42.0 is 15 times or more a standard deviation of the background X-ray intensity in the range of a full width at half maximum of the diffraction peak.