The present disclosure discloses a preparation method of a powder metallurgy (PM) superalloy with high strength and plasticity. Under the multi-field coupling action of a thermal field and a force field, the PM superalloy is obtained in a high-temperature graphite mold by using the method of conducting heat preservation and oscillating-pressure sintering in two steps. Under the action of a circulating pressure, rearrangement of powders and discharge of pores are promoted, and therefore, the PM superalloy is sintered and formed. The present disclosure further discloses a PM superalloy prepared by using the method above. The PM superalloy has the characteristics of low grade of prior particle boundary defects, uniform grain refinement and high density. The sintered PM superalloy obtained in the present disclosure has a yield strength of 955 MPa, a tensile strength of 1,437 MPa and an elongation of 31.9%, and has high strength and plasticity.

The present disclosure discloses a preparation method of a powder metallurgy (PM) superalloy with high strength and plasticity. Under the multi-field coupling action of a thermal field and a force field, the PM superalloy is obtained in a high-temperature graphite mold by using the method of conducting heat preservation and oscillating-pressure sintering in two steps. Under the action of a circulating pressure, rearrangement of powders and discharge of pores are promoted, and therefore, the PM superalloy is sintered and formed. The present disclosure further discloses a PM superalloy prepared by using the method above. The PM superalloy has the characteristics of low grade of prior particle boundary defects, uniform grain refinement and high density. The sintered PM superalloy obtained in the present disclosure has a yield strength of 955 MPa, a tensile strength of 1,437 MPa and an elongation of 31.9%, and has high strength and plasticity.

A 3D printing apparatus is disclosed herein. The apparatus comprises a container, a build material extraction module, an energy source and a controller. The container is to receive a build volume comprising portions in which an un-cured thermally curable binder has been applied to define a 3D object to be generated and portions on which no binder has been applied. The build material extraction module is to remove part of the build material on which no binder has been applied. The energy source to heat the contents of the container. And the controller is to control the build material extraction module to remove part of the build material on which no binder has been applied; and control the energy source to heat the build material to thermally cure any binder in the container.

A 3D printing apparatus is disclosed herein. The apparatus comprises a container, a build material extraction module, an energy source and a controller. The container is to receive a build volume comprising portions in which an un-cured thermally curable binder has been applied to define a 3D object to be generated and portions on which no binder has been applied. The build material extraction module is to remove part of the build material on which no binder has been applied. The energy source to heat the contents of the container. And the controller is to control the build material extraction module to remove part of the build material on which no binder has been applied; and control the energy source to heat the build material to thermally cure any binder in the container.

The present disclosure is directed at methods of preparing rare earth-based permanent magnets having improved coercivity and remanence, the method comprising one or more steps comprising: (a) homogenizing a first population of particles of a first GBM alloy with a second population of particles of a second core alloy to form a composite alloy preform, the first GBM alloy being substantially represented by the formula: AC.sub.bR.sub.xCo.sub.yCu.sub.dM.sub.z, the second core alloy being substantially represented by the formula G.sub.2Fe.sub.14B, where AC, R, M, G, b, x, y, and z are defined; (b) heating the composite alloy preform particles to form a population of mixed alloy particles; (c) compressing the mixed alloy particles, under a magnetic field of a suitable strength to align the magnetic particles with a common direction of magnetization and inert atmosphere, to form a green body; (d) sintering the green body; and (e) annealing the sintered body. Particular embodiments include magnets comprising neodymium-iron-boron core alloys, including Nd.sub.2Fe.sub.14B.

The present invention may comprise processes, methods, and systems for powder processing aimed at and characterized in reduction of adsorbed gases, vapors, particulates, and moisture through high-temperature vacuum out-gassing by disintegrating the powder bulk or flow into separate particles. Heat may be transferred to powder particles in vacuum by multiple interactions during intimate contact with heated metal balls within a tube or other container.

The present invention may comprise processes, methods, and systems for powder processing aimed at and characterized in reduction of adsorbed gases, vapors, particulates, and moisture through high-temperature vacuum out-gassing by disintegrating the powder bulk or flow into separate particles. Heat may be transferred to powder particles in vacuum by multiple interactions during intimate contact with heated metal balls within a tube or other container.

A powder supply apparatus includes at least a vibration sieve part configured to vibrate a powder supply port by a vibration source. The powder supply port has a rectangular shape. The vibration source is mounted on a short side of the powder supply port.

A powder supply apparatus includes at least a vibration sieve part configured to vibrate a powder supply port by a vibration source. The powder supply port has a rectangular shape. The vibration source is mounted on a short side of the powder supply port.

The present disclosure provides systems and methods for forming block crystals of a metal compound. In some embodiments, a method for forming block crystals of a metal compound may comprise (a) introducing a source metal into a furnace; (b) forming a complete or partial vacuum in the furnace and increasing a temperature of the furnace above a melting point of the source metal to form a liquid flow of the source metal; (c) breaking the liquid flow to generate particles of the source metal; (d) ionizing the particles in an ionization chamber to form ionized particles, wherein the ionization chamber has a temperature above a decomposition temperature of the metal compound; and (e) introducing the ionized particles into a growth chamber comprising a reactive gas that is reactive with the ionized particles, to thereby form the block crystals of the metal compound.