A structure including a three-dimensionally stretchable single crystalline semiconductor membrane located on a substrate is provided. The structure is formed by providing a three-dimensional (3D) wavy silicon germanium alloy layer on a silicon handler substrate. A single crystalline semiconductor material membrane is then formed on a physically exposed surface of the 3D wavy silicon germanium alloy layer. A substrate is then formed on a physically exposed surface of the single crystalline semiconductor material membrane. The 3D wavy silicon germanium alloy layer and the silicon handler substrate are thereafter removed providing the structure.

A structure including a three-dimensionally stretchable single crystalline semiconductor membrane located on a substrate is provided. The structure is formed by providing a three-dimensional (3D) wavy silicon germanium alloy layer on a silicon handler substrate. A single crystalline semiconductor material membrane is then formed on a physically exposed surface of the 3D wavy silicon germanium alloy layer. A substrate is then formed on a physically exposed surface of the single crystalline semiconductor material membrane. The 3D wavy silicon germanium alloy layer and the silicon handler substrate are thereafter removed providing the structure.

Provided is an organic electroluminescent display device that further suppresses reflection of external light when viewed in an oblique direction; a phase difference film; and a circularly polarizing plate. This display device has an organic electroluminescent display panel, and a circularly polarizing plate arranged on the display panel, in which the circularly polarizing plate has a polarizer and a phase difference film, the phase difference film has, from a side of the polarizer, a negative A-plate, and a positive A-plate, the in-plane retardation of the negative A-plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is more than 50 nm and less than 90 nm, and the in-plane retardation of the positive A-plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is 100 to 200 nm, and the angle formed by the in-plane slow axis of the negative A-plate and the in-plane slow axis of the positive A-plate is 45°±10°.

Provided is an organic electroluminescent display device that further suppresses reflection of external light when viewed in an oblique direction; a phase difference film; and a circularly polarizing plate. This display device has an organic electroluminescent display panel, and a circularly polarizing plate arranged on the display panel, in which the circularly polarizing plate has a polarizer and a phase difference film, the phase difference film has, from a side of the polarizer, a negative A-plate, and a positive A-plate, the in-plane retardation of the negative A-plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is more than 50 nm and less than 90 nm, and the in-plane retardation of the positive A-plate at a wavelength of 550 nm is 100 to 200 nm, and the angle formed by the in-plane slow axis of the negative A-plate and the in-plane slow axis of the positive A-plate is 45°±10°.

A machine tool includes a spindle headstock having a main spindle, a spindle headstock having a main spindle with a Z3 axis parallel to an axis center direction of the main spindle, a turret that moves relative to the spindle headstocks, and a controller that superposition-controls the spindle headstock with movement of the turret as a standard, wherein the turret is movable in directions of an X axis and a Ys axis that are orthogonal to a Z axis and intersect with the Z axis at an angle except for the right angle, and the controller moves the turret in a direction of a Y axis different from the Ys axis and the X axis by combining movement in the direction of the Ys axis and movement in the direction of the Y axis, and regulates, in the superposition control, the movement of the spindle headstock in the X axis direction associated with the movement in the Y axis direction.

A machine tool includes a spindle headstock having a main spindle, a spindle headstock having a main spindle with a Z3 axis parallel to an axis center direction of the main spindle, a turret that moves relative to the spindle headstocks, and a controller that superposition-controls the spindle headstock with movement of the turret as a standard, wherein the turret is movable in directions of an X axis and a Ys axis that are orthogonal to a Z axis and intersect with the Z axis at an angle except for the right angle, and the controller moves the turret in a direction of a Y axis different from the Ys axis and the X axis by combining movement in the direction of the Ys axis and movement in the direction of the Y axis, and regulates, in the superposition control, the movement of the spindle headstock in the X axis direction associated with the movement in the Y axis direction.

A machining system including a first body with a first channel to receive a first stream of compressed air, a second channel to receive a second stream of compressed air, an upper compartment, the first stream of compressed air configured to clear debris from an upper compartment surface and a lower compartment surface when the first stream of compressed air is engaged, the upper compartment configured to shift to a position where the upper compartment abuts the lower compartment and conceals the upper compartment surface and the lower compartment surface when the second stream of compressed air is engaged, and the lower compartment configured to shift when in contact with the upper compartment.

A machining system including a first body with a first channel to receive a first stream of compressed air, a second channel to receive a second stream of compressed air, an upper compartment, the first stream of compressed air configured to clear debris from an upper compartment surface and a lower compartment surface when the first stream of compressed air is engaged, the upper compartment configured to shift to a position where the upper compartment abuts the lower compartment and conceals the upper compartment surface and the lower compartment surface when the second stream of compressed air is engaged, and the lower compartment configured to shift when in contact with the upper compartment.

One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide articles of manufacture and components of articles that incorporate an optical element that imparts a structural color to the component or the article. The component comprises a thermoplastic polymeric material, and can include or be made to have a textured surface.

One or more aspects of the present disclosure provide articles of manufacture and components of articles that incorporate an optical element that imparts a structural color to the component or the article. The component comprises a thermoplastic polymeric material, and can include or be made to have a textured surface.