A clamping device for a tool or workpiece has a draw-in collet and a coupling element. The clamping device has first and second bayonet closures with which the draw-in collet can be locked and braced against the coupling element. The first and second bayonet closures are brought into engagement at the same time, as a result of which the draw-in collet is locked against the coupling element using the first bayonet closure, and the draw-in collet is braced against the coupling element using the second bayonet closure. First, the draw-in collet is pushed into the coupling element with partial actuation of the bayonet closures. Then the draw-in collet is rotated relative to the coupling element with a further partial actuation of the bayonet closures, and finally the draw-in collet is withdrawn to thereby lock the first bayonet closure and to brace the second bayonet closure.