A plurality of cutting bodies each having a cutting edge are arranged on the main body of a machining tool. During operation, the plurality of cutting bodies rotate in a direction of rotation which runs around an axis of rotation. Each cutting edge has exactly one reference point. The reference points are mutually spaced in the direction perpendicular to the direction of rotation. Reference points of cutting bodies that are directly adjacent in the direction perpendicular to the direction of rotation are arranged with mutual angular spacings with respect to the axis of rotation. The spacings are integer multiples of angle values which lie in an angle range of +/−5° with respect to the golden angle. The sum of the golden angle and an opposite angle produces the round angle. The ratio of golden angle to opposite angle is equal to the ratio of opposite angle to round angle.

An indexable and double-sided round cutting insert includes an upper and lower side. A center axis extends between the upper and lower side and a median plane extends perpendicular to the center axis and is situated halfway between the upper and lower side. A side surface has an upper and lower positive clearance surface at an upper positive clearance angle with respect to an upper cutting edge and a lower positive clearance angle with respect to a lower cutting edge. A plurality of protrusions extends along the side surface and protrude in a radial direction perpendicular to the center axis. Each protrusion includes an outer surface, which along the center axis, extends such that a first radial distance from the center axis to the outer surface in the median plane is at least equal to or greater than a second radial distance from the center axis to the outer surface.

A face milling tool includes a tool body having an axial front end surface with several seats. Each seat has support surfaces for rotationally locking and supporting a tangential cutting insert in the seat. One of the support surfaces is a flat axial support surface for supporting the tangential cutting insert in an axial direction defined by the central rotation axis. The flat axial support surface extends perpendicular to the central rotation axis and is situated axially foremost in the seat. A side wall of each seat is formed out of round side support surfaces. Each tangential cutting insert includes an axial back side with a flat axial contact surface abutting the flat axial support surface and a projecting member extending axially from the flat axial contact surface and having a circumferential side surface forming out of round side contact surfaces abutting the out of round side support surfaces.

A cutting insert includes: an upper face including a virtual reference surface and an upper inclined surface extending to be inclined upward from the virtual reference surface; a lower face disposed below the upper face and including a lower inclined surface extending to be inclined with respect to the virtual reference surface; and a plurality of side faces connecting the upper face and the lower face. An insert bore is formed to penetrate through the upper face and the lower face along a central axis perpendicular to the virtual reference surface. A major cutting edge is formed at an edge at which the upper inclined surface meets any one side face among the plurality of side faces. A first angle between the side face, on which the major cutting edge is formed, and the upper inclined surface is greater than a second angle between the central axis and the lower inclined surface.

A round double-sided cutting insert includes an insert peripheral surface that includes a plurality of angularly spaced apart indexing latches protruding therefrom and a plurality of cylindrical insert side abutment surfaces that circumferentially alternate with the plurality of indexing latches. An insert holder has a pocket peripheral surface which includes at least one indexing gap and a plurality of pocket side abutment surfaces that circumferentially alternate with the at least one indexing gap. When the cutting insert is releasably attached to the insert holder, to constitute a fastened position of a cutting tool, each of the plurality of pocket side abutment surfaces abuts a respective insert side abutment surface and each indexing gap has a respective indexing latch located therein.

A cutting tool according to an aspect of the present disclosure includes a cutting edge portion which contains at least one of cubic boron nitride and polycrystalline diamond. The cutting edge portion includes a flank face, a negative land contiguous to the flank face, and a cutting edge formed by a ridgeline between the flank face and the negative land. At least one of the negative land and the flank face is provided with a plurality of recesses and a projection. The projection is formed by arranging the edges of adjacent recesses in contact with each other.

A rotary cutting tool having a disk-shaped cutting body with a plurality of identical insert receiving pockets, and an equal number of indexable cutting inserts removably retained therein, having opposing upper and lower surfaces and opposing first and second insert end surfaces. First and second cutting edges are formed at the intersection of the upper surface and the first and second insert end surfaces, respectively. Circumferentially adjacent cutting inserts have a different one of their first and second insert end surfaces in contact with an insert receiving pocket back wall. First and second planes are equidistantly offset from opposite sides of the cutting body, the first plane only intersecting the first cutting edge of every circumferentially alternate cutting insert and none of the second cutting edges, and the second plane only intersecting the second cutting edge of every circumferentially alternate cutting insert and none of the first cutting edges.

An indexable and double-sided round cutting insert includes an upper and lower side. A center axis extends between the upper and lower side and a median plane extends perpendicular to the center axis and is situated halfway between the upper and lower side. A side surface has an upper and lower positive clearance surface at an upper positive clearance angle with respect to an upper cutting edge and a lower positive clearance angle with respect to a lower cutting edge. A plurality of protrusions extends along the side surface and protrude in a radial direction perpendicular to the center axis. Each protrusion includes an outer surface, which along the center axis, extends such that a first radial distance from the center axis to the outer surface in the median plane is at least equal to or greater than a second radial distance from the center axis to the outer surface.

A round double-sided cutting insert includes an insert peripheral surface that includes a plurality of angularly spaced apart indexing latches protruding therefrom and a plurality of cylindrical insert side abutment surfaces that circumferentially alternate with the plurality of indexing latches. An insert holder has a pocket peripheral surface which includes at least one indexing gap and a plurality of pocket side abutment surfaces that circumferentially alternate with the at least one indexing gap. When the cutting insert is releasably attached to the insert holder, to constitute a fastened position of a cutting tool, each of the plurality of pocket side abutment surfaces abuts a respective insert side abutment surface and each indexing gap has a respective indexing latch located therein.

A face milling tool includes a tool body having an axial front end surface with several seats. Each seat has support surfaces for rotationally locking and supporting a tangential cutting insert in the seat. One of the support surfaces is a flat axial support surface for supporting the tangential cutting insert in an axial direction defined by the central rotation axis. The flat axial support surface extends perpendicular to the central rotation axis and is situated axially foremost in the seat. A side wall of each seat is formed out of round side support surfaces. Each tangential cutting insert includes an axial back side with a flat axial contact surface abutting the flat axial support surface and a projecting member extending axially from the flat axial contact surface and having a circumferential side surface forming out of round side contact surfaces abutting the out of round side support surfaces.