A method of joining dissimilar metal, golf club components, and particularly golf club bodies, hosels, and faces, using a projection resistance welding process is disclosed herein. The method may include the step of applying an interlayer material before the projection resistance weld process occurs.

A bonding device for joining together a first member (3), an intermediate member (4), and a second member (3) which are layered as a laminated assembly includes a probe (12, 41), an anvil (11, 11b, 11c, 11d), a shoulder member (13,13a, 61,64,68), a drive mechanism (14) configured to rotate the probe around the central axial line and move the probe toward and away from the second member along the central axial line, and an electric power supply (15) electrically connected to the anvil and the shoulder member to conduct electric current through the laminated assembly via the anvil and the shoulder member.

The method comprises applying a spot load to a joint part between a first metal material and a second metal material in a state where sites to form the joint part are superposed on each other. When a total thickness of the first metal material and the second metal material at the joint part before bonding is defined as T.sub.0 mm, the total thickness thereof after bonding is defined as T.sub.1 mm, and T.sub.0/T.sub.1=R is defined as a reduction ratio, the reduction ratio R is 1.4 or more.

An interlayered structure for joining of dissimilar materials, includes a first material substrate, a second material substrate having a composition dissimilar from a composition of the first material substrate, and a plurality of interlayers disposed between the first material substrate and the second material substrate, including a first interlayer nearest to the first material substrate and a last interlayer nearest to the second material substrate. The first interlayer has a composition selected to have a maximum solid solubility within the composition of the first material substrate that is greater than or equal to the other interlayers' solubility within the composition of the first material substrate. The last interlayer has a composition selected to have a maximum solid solubility within the composition of the second material substrate that is greater than or equal to the other interlayers' solubility within the composition of the second material substrate. At least one of the plurality of interlayers is a sintered powder interlayer.

Described herein are methods for and devices prepared from welding shape memory alloys. The weld produced from the present methods can approach 100% joint strength relative the ultimate tensile strength of the shape memory alloy, and are substantially free of heat affected zones and brittle intermetallics.

The present invention provides: a solid-phase spot-welding method with which the welding temperature can be controlled accurately and with which a reduction in the welding temperature can be achieved, regardless of the type of metal material being welded; and a solid-phase spot-welding device that can be used suitably in this solid-phase spot-welding method. This solid-phase welding method involves overlapping metal plate materials and carrying out spot-welding, and is characterized by having a welding preparation step in which two or more metal plate materials are held in a state in which same overlap one another, thereby forming an interface to be welded, a temperature-raising step in which a pair of electrodes are used and the interface to be welded is heated by supplying a current by a direct method, an indirect method, or a series method, thereby forming a softened region in the vicinity of the interface to be welded, and a stress application step in which an external stress greater than or equal to the yield strength of the metal plate materials at a desired welding temperature is applied to the softened region, wherein the metal plate materials are welded to each other by subjecting the softened region to local deformation.

A process for additive manufacture of an article including conjoined first and second metals, wherein the first metal includes one of steel and titanium and the second metal includes another of the steel and the titanium. The process comprises arranging an interface layer of a third metal on a substrate of the first metal, wherein the third metal is capable of forming an alloy with the first metal and capable of forming an alloy with the second metal. The process further comprises supplying a consumable form of the second metal to a locus of the interface layer and heating the locus of the interface layer in an non-reactive environment. In this process, the heating fuses the consumable form of the second metal to render a fused form of the second metal and joins the fused form of the second metal to the interface layer.

Disclosed is a method for producing a composite material, wherein two or more composite components are arranged with respect to one another by casting to form a composite, so as to create a contact region essentially without a material bond between the composite components, wherein the composite components are thereafter materially bonded to one another in the contact region by means of a hot-rolling process.

A method of inserting a rivet into a workpiece comprises moving the rivet and workpiece relative to one another, along a longitudinal axis of the rivet, so as to drive the rivet into the workpiece. The rivet is rotated about its longitudinal axis, relative to the workpiece, for at least part of the time during which it is in contact with the workpiece. The speed of said rotation, or the speed of movement along the longitudinal axis of the rivet, is altered at least once before driving of the rivet into the workpiece is complete. One axial end of the rivet has a tip for piercing the workpiece, and the rivet has a substantially cylindrical shank extending longitudinally from the tip. The shank has one or more surface irregularities.

A structure and a method for mounting thermocouple on an intermetallic compounds such as TiAl by suppressing occurrence of cracks are provided. A thermocouple mounting structure is provided with a substrate, a coating formed on the substrate and a foil joined on the coating, and sandwiches a thermocouple between the substrate and the foil. A thermocouple mounting method includes forming a coating on a substrate and welding a foil on the coating, and the welding includes arranging a thermocouple so that the substrate and the foil sandwiches the thermocouple. Occurrence of cracks in the substrate formed with intermetallic compounds can be suppressed by providing a thermal spray coating between the substrate and the foil.