An object of the invention is to prevent differences in the flow rate and the specific gravity of a gypsum slurry from being caused between slurry discharge ports, to divide a current of the slurry into streams without a factor of stagnation of the slurry provided at a branch part, and also, to ensure a sufficient distance between the discharge ports. The slurry delivery conduit (10) has a rectilinear tube segment (14), a branch part (15) and branch tube segments (16). A tube-wall joint portion (20) of the branch tube segments configures a counter-flow splitting element (22) in a form of V-letter at the branch part. The slurry is introduced from a mixing area (51) into the rectilinear tube segment, which configures a straight rectilinear fluid passage. The rectilinear tube segment rectifies a flow of the slurry to be an axial or rectilinear current (S), and the axial or rectilinear current is split into branch streams (S1, S2) by the counter-flow splitting element.

Disclosed is a composite gypsum board comprising a set gypsum core disposed between face (e.g., Manila) and back (e.g., Newsline) cover sheets. The set gypsum core is formed from a core slurry comprising stucco, water, and optional additives, such as foaming agent, migrating starch, accelerator, retarder, dispersant, etc. A dense layer formed from a dense layer slurry comprising stucco, water, fiber (e.g., paper fiber), and optionally, strength-enhancing starch, is disposed between the core and the face paper. The dense layer slurry contains a greater concentration of fiber, and optionally, strength-enhancing starch, than the core slurry, but the concentration of one or more other additives (e.g., accelerator, retarder, dispersant, or combinations thereof) is lower or the same in the dense slurry as compared with the core slurry. Also disclosed is a method of making board using one board mixer. In embodiments, paper fiber is added to water to form a suspension. The suspension is introduced, while in a non-laminar state, into the dense slurry. Further disclosed is apparatus, such as an extractor and an additive injection system, which can be a part of a cementitious slurry mixing and dispensing assembly.

An apparatus for delivering a wet concrete mix to a product mold, where the apparatus comprises a hopper configured to retain a fresh concrete mix, a source of treated water having a concentration of nanobubbles of a gas at least double a natural concentration of nanobubbles of the gas within a natural state of the water, a water transport coupling the source of treated water with the hopper, a valve interposed within the water transport for selectively releasing the treated water into the hopper, and a mixer in communication with the hopper for mixing the treated water with the fresh concrete mix to yield an infused wet concrete.

An apparatus for delivering a wet concrete mix to a product mold, where the apparatus comprises a hopper configured to retain a fresh concrete mix, a source of treated water having a concentration of nanobubbles of a gas at least double a natural concentration of nanobubbles of the gas within a natural state of the water, a water transport coupling the source of treated water with the hopper, a valve interposed within the water transport for selectively releasing the treated water into the hopper, and a mixer in communication with the hopper for mixing the treated water with the fresh concrete mix to yield an infused wet concrete.

A nanobubble-infused liquid is mixed into a dry concrete mix to form an infused wet concrete, where the nanobubble-infused liquid includes a concentration of nanobubbles of a gas at least double a natural concentration of nanobubbles of the gas within a natural state of the liquid. The nanobubble-infused liquid is preferably liquid water infused with a desired concentration of carbon-dioxide (CO.sub.2) nanobubbles sized within a certain prescribed range. The infused wet concrete is then transported to the mold of a concrete products forming machine to form a molded product that has enhanced qualities including increased carbon capture within the resulting concrete product, improved curing times, increased flowability, self-healing, and improved release from the product mold.

A nanobubble-infused liquid is mixed into a dry concrete mix to form an infused wet concrete, where the nanobubble-infused liquid includes a concentration of nanobubbles of a gas at least double a natural concentration of nanobubbles of the gas within a natural state of the liquid. The nanobubble-infused liquid is preferably liquid water infused with a desired concentration of carbon-dioxide (CO.sub.2) nanobubbles sized within a certain prescribed range. The infused wet concrete is then transported to the mold of a concrete products forming machine to form a molded product that has enhanced qualities including increased carbon capture within the resulting concrete product, improved curing times, increased flowability, self-healing, and improved release from the product mold.

A mobile cement batch mixing plant includes at least one slurry tank, a cement storage tank, at least one slurry pump and at least one clean pump supported on a transportable frame. The slurry tanks and cement storage tank are connected by a plumbing system. The flow of water and cement slurry between the tanks and within the plumbing system is controlled by a series of valves and pump controls. A cement slurry is formed by adding water and cement to the slurry tank through a fluid vortex within the slurry tank. The cement slurry can be pumped out of the slurry tank into a well.

A mobile cement batch mixing plant includes at least one slurry tank, a cement storage tank, at least one slurry pump and at least one clean pump supported on a transportable frame. The slurry tanks and cement storage tank are connected by a plumbing system. The flow of water and cement slurry between the tanks and within the plumbing system is controlled by a series of valves and pump controls. A cement slurry is formed by adding water and cement to the slurry tank through a fluid vortex within the slurry tank. The cement slurry can be pumped out of the slurry tank into a well.

The invention relates to a method for layer-by-layer deposition of concrete by providing extrudable concrete. A first flow comprising a binder material and water and a second flow comprising a carrier material, an additional component and water are mixed in a static mixer to form a third flow of extrudable concrete. The material of the second flow has a shorter initial setting time than the material of the first flow. The first flow has a first viscosity V1 and the second flow has a second viscosity V2 so that the ratio V1/V2 ranges between 1/40 and 40. The third flow has a viscosity larger than the viscosity of the first flow and the second flow and a yield stress larger than the yield stress of the first flow and the second flow. The material of the third flow has an initial setting time shorter than initial setting time of the first flow.

The invention further relates to a system to extrude concrete, in particular for layer-by-layer deposition of concrete.

The invention relates to a method for layer-by-layer deposition of concrete by providing extrudable concrete. A first flow comprising a binder material and water and a second flow comprising a carrier material, an additional component and water are mixed in a static mixer to form a third flow of extrudable concrete. The material of the second flow has a shorter initial setting time than the material of the first flow. The first flow has a first viscosity V1 and the second flow has a second viscosity V2 so that the ratio V1/V2 ranges between 1/40 and 40. The third flow has a viscosity larger than the viscosity of the first flow and the second flow and a yield stress larger than the yield stress of the first flow and the second flow. The material of the third flow has an initial setting time shorter than initial setting time of the first flow.

The invention further relates to a system to extrude concrete, in particular for layer-by-layer deposition of concrete.