A polymer optical fiber is provided which shows improved hydrolytic stability. This fiber comprises a polymeric optical core and cladding layer, surrounded by a polymeric overcladding layer which comprises a miscible blend of one or more hydrolytically stable amorphous polymers. By varying the ratios of the component polymers in the overcladding blend, the glass transition temperature and the coefficient of thermal expansion of the overcladding layer may be tuned to optimize the attenuation and bandwidth of the plastic optical fiber.

A concrete dowel placement system and methods for making the same. The system allows for accurate and easy substantially-parallel or parallel placement of slip dowels within sections of concrete so that adjacent sections of concrete may be allowed to undergo thermal expansion and contraction while remaining in a common plane without cracking or faulting. The system includes a coupler and a sheath. The sheath is configured to be slidably extensible over the coupler and may be held to the coupler by friction. An outer surface of the sheath may be textured. Additionally, a method of constructing the concrete dowel placement system includes extruding material to form two tubes of different sizes. The tubes are then attached to each other, then material is extruded or injection molded to form a sheath. Alternatively, construction may include extruding material to form a tube, then removing some of the material from the tube in order to form a coupler.

A nonmetallic flexible pipe and a manufacturing method thereof. The nonmetallic flexible pipe comprises, from the inside to the outside, an inner liner, a pressure bearing layer, an isolation layer, a tensile layer, a functional layer, and a protective layer, wherein two adjacent layers are non-rigidly bonded. The inner liner layer is made from a thermoplastic polymer. The pressure bearing layer is made from a fiber-reinforced resin-based composite material. The isolation layer is made from a thermoplastic polymer. The tensile layer is made from a resin-reinforced fiber material. At least one of an optical fiber, a cable, a tracing ribbon, a pipe for conveying a heat transfer medium, a pressure sensor, and a temperature sensor is provided in the functional layer. The protective layer is made from a thermoplastic polymer.

A concrete dowel placement system and methods for making the same. The system allows for accurate and easy substantially-parallel or parallel placement of slip dowels within sections of concrete so that adjacent sections of concrete may be allowed to undergo thermal expansion and contraction while remaining in a common plane without cracking or faulting. The system includes a coupler and a sheath. The sheath is configured to be slidably extensible over the coupler and may be held to the coupler by friction. An outer surface of the sheath may be textured. Additionally, a method of constructing the concrete dowel placement system includes extruding material to form two tubes of different sizes. The tubes are then attached to each other, then material is extruded or injection molded to form a sheath. Alternatively, construction may include extruding material to form a tube, then removing some of the material from the tube in order to form a coupler.

A molding apparatus that adsorbs thermoplastic resin extruded in a sheet form from an extruding machine, onto a cavity of a mold, and shapes the thermoplastic resin into a shape according to the cavity is provided. The molding apparatus may include a frame that is positioned on a periphery of the mold and is movable relative to the mold, wherein a suction part for suctioning the thermoplastic resin is provided in a contact surface of the frame to contact the thermoplastic resin, and the suction part is provided in a linear shape along with a longitudinal direction of the frame positioned on the periphery of the mold.

A concrete dowel placement system and methods for making the same. The system allows for accurate and easy substantially-parallel or parallel placement of slip dowels within sections of concrete so that adjacent sections of concrete may be allowed to undergo thermal expansion and contraction while remaining in a common plane without cracking or faulting. The system includes a coupler and a sheath. The sheath is configured to be slidably extensible over the coupler and may be held to the coupler by friction. An outer surface of the sheath may be textured. Additionally, a method of constructing the concrete dowel placement system includes extruding material to form two tubes of different sizes. The tubes are then attached to each other, then material is extruded or injection molded to form a sheath. Alternatively, construction may include extruding material to form a tube, then removing some of the material from the tube in order to form a coupler.

A paper container package is provided, including: a paper layer; two plastic layers disposed on two sides of the paper layer; wherein the two plastic layers and the paper layer define at least one window which is light-penetrable in a thickness direction of the paper layer. A method for manufacturing a paper container package is provided, including steps of: preparing a paper material; partially hollowing out a part of the paper material; disposing a plastic coating on an inner side of the paper material; disposing a plastic layer on an outer side of the paper material, to form a package material; cutting the package material to form at least one paper container package; wherein the part of the paper material which is partially hollowed out, the plastic layer and the plastic coating at least partially overlap in a thickness direction of the package material.

A non-penetrating multi-layer continuous hose and a preparation method thereof are provided. The hose includes an outer coating, a reinforcement layer, and an inner coating. The inner coating and the outer coating can have one or more layers with different materials and have an adjustable thickness. The hose is prepared by simultaneously performing extrusion coating inside and outside the reinforcement layer rather than penetrating the fiber reinforcement layer. The hose exhibits improved layer-to-layer adhesion and has high strength, and continuous production can be achieved to meet the length requirement in various kinds of construction, which has high applicability.

A method of forming a plurality of fasteners includes extruding a continuous strip of material, the continuous strip defining a base portion, a tip portion, and a stem portion extending between the base portion and the tip portion. A portion of material is removed from the continuous strip of material along the tip portion such that a plurality of tip portions are separated from each other and spaced apart, each tip portion having at least one flexible tab. The continuous strip of material is then extruded through a foaming die, wherein the flexible tabs are elastically displaced away from the base portion during a foaming process such that a foam material fills a cavity of the foaming die to form a sealing element around the stem portion. Portions of the continuous strip between each of the tip portions are separated to produce a plurality of individual sealed fasteners.

A method for manufacturing a lightweight cowl crossbar includes: producing an inner pipe, laminating a plurality of composite material layers wound around the inner pipe, and extruding an outer pipe on the winding layer, in which the plurality of composite material layers adjacent to each other are wound in different directions.