A method is for manufacturing a structure obtained by stacking a substrate that is a first member as a base material, and lens arrays that are second members that are opposed to the substrate, are formed of a resin material different from the substrate, and have a shape on a surface. The method includes a surface activation step of performing an activation treatment to cause an activation state of at least one of a surface of the substrate or a surface of the lens arrays, and a bonding step of pressurizing the lens arrays at least at a temperature that is equal to or higher than a reference temperature obtained by subtracting 30° C. from a load deflection temperature of a resin material of the lens arrays, and is equal to or lower than a glass transition temperature, to closely bond to the substrate.

A method is for manufacturing a structure obtained by stacking a substrate that is a first member as a base material, and lens arrays that are second members that are opposed to the substrate, are formed of a resin material different from the substrate, and have a shape on a surface. The method includes a surface activation step of performing an activation treatment to cause an activation state of at least one of a surface of the substrate or a surface of the lens arrays, and a bonding step of pressurizing the lens arrays at least at a temperature that is equal to or higher than a reference temperature obtained by subtracting 30° C. from a load deflection temperature of a resin material of the lens arrays, and is equal to or lower than a glass transition temperature, to closely bond to the substrate.

A sealing method for sealing an opening of a metallic molded body with a resin molded body, the metallic molded body having a cavity therein and an opening connected to the cavity, includes a step of irradiating laser light onto a joining surface on a periphery of the opening of the metallic molded body in an energy density of 1 MW/cm.sup.2 or more and at an irradiation rate of 2000 mm/sec or more to roughen the surface, and a step of placing, in a mold, a portion including the joining surface of the metallic molded body roughened in the preceding step and sealing the opening with a resin molded body formed by injection molding or compression molding of a resin.

A sealing method for sealing an opening of a metallic molded body with a resin molded body, the metallic molded body having a cavity therein and an opening connected to the cavity, includes a step of irradiating laser light onto a joining surface on a periphery of the opening of the metallic molded body in an energy density of 1 MW/cm.sup.2 or more and at an irradiation rate of 2000 mm/sec or more to roughen the surface, and a step of placing, in a mold, a portion including the joining surface of the metallic molded body roughened in the preceding step and sealing the opening with a resin molded body formed by injection molding or compression molding of a resin.

Provided are an inner part and a resin molded article according to which it is possible to mitigate the concentration of stress at a distal end of a melt rib. An inner part, around which an outer portion is to be arranged through integral molding, includes a main body portion made of resin, and a melt rib provided protruding outward from the main body portion. The melt rib is formed such that a height of the melt rib is greater than a thickness of the melt rib, the thickness decreases from the main body portion to a distal end of the melt rib, and the melt rib includes a melting portion configured to partially melt during molding of the outer portion.

A structure includes: a first member made of metal having a tubular shape, and having a through-insertion hole; a second member made of resin and joined to the first member; and a third member made of metal having a tubular shape, and inserted through inside the first member. The third member is tube-expanded toward the first member and joined to the first member by press-fitting.

A structure includes: a first member made of metal having a tubular shape, and having a through-insertion hole; a second member made of resin and joined to the first member; and a third member made of metal having a tubular shape, and inserted through inside the first member. The third member is tube-expanded toward the first member and joined to the first member by press-fitting.

A process for producing a polymeric stiffened sheet-like component, for example a panel, for aircraft construction. Production includes integration of hollow stiffening profiles, for example closed omega stringers, onto a sheet-like component, for example an external skin, where the stringers and external skin are produced from thermoplastic composite material. The stringers are integrated onto the external skin by establishing contact between the stringers and the external skin and melting thermoplastic composite material with exposure to heat and pressure at the areas of contact between external skin and stringers. Melting of the other sections of the stringers is avoided with a pressurized cooling fluid with a temperature significantly below the melting point of thermoplastic composite material, the fluid flowing through the airtight enclosed space in the stringers. Use of closed airtight thermoplastic omega stringers allows integration of the stringers onto the external skin in absence of any flexible tube within the stringers.

The technology described herein relates to a system of stackable/nesting stencils or molds for creating 3-D objects using a modeling compound material. The stencils or molds can be filled with the modeling compound material by hand and/or leveled using a roller to flatten the compound material more smoothly for a better outcome. Each stencil has a level and nests with another corresponding stencil of the set in a designated order. In some aspects, in order to guide a user with the correct designated order in which to fill the stencil plates or molds, each stencil plate or mold may be provided with a numbered tab. Once all the stencils are filled in the designated order with modeling compound materials, the stencil plates can be removed level by level to reveal a finished 3-D object. These 3-D objects may be anything from characters, vehicles, objects, figurines, and the like.

The technology described herein relates to a system of stackable/nesting stencils or molds for creating 3-D objects using a modeling compound material. The stencils or molds can be filled with the modeling compound material by hand and/or leveled using a roller to flatten the compound material more smoothly for a better outcome. Each stencil has a level and nests with another corresponding stencil of the set in a designated order. In some aspects, in order to guide a user with the correct designated order in which to fill the stencil plates or molds, each stencil plate or mold may be provided with a numbered tab. Once all the stencils are filled in the designated order with modeling compound materials, the stencil plates can be removed level by level to reveal a finished 3-D object. These 3-D objects may be anything from characters, vehicles, objects, figurines, and the like.