Evaluation device and method for monitoring a vulcanization process of a vehicle tire in a tire heating press, wherein at least one sensor value and/or at least one control variable of the tire heating press is acquired, where the sensor value and/or the control variable is fed to an evaluation device that includes an ML model, and the evaluation device and/or the ML model outputs a warning notification when an evaluation of the at least one sensor value and/or the at least one control variable by the evaluation device reveals that there is a defect or an anomaly with the tire heating press or at least part of the tire heating press, or that there will be a defect or an anomaly with the tire heating press or at least part of the tire heating press in the foreseeable future.

The invention relates to a laminate comprising a first layer and a second layer directly covering the first layer, the first layer being a layer of a silicone rubber composition comprising a micrometric silicone powder and a mixture of crosslinkable organopolysiloxanes, the second layer being a layer of a silicone rubber composition comprising a hydrophobic silica and a mixture of crosslinkable organopolysiloxanes, the first layer and the second layer being crosslinked. The laminate, in particular when it is used as a coating for the outer surface of an expandable bladder for a tyre curing mould, makes it possible to eliminate moulding defects on the inner liner of the tyre.

A tire vulcanizing apparatus 1 comprises: a vulcanizing mold 2 for vulcanization-molding an unvulcanized tire T, a tire-vulcanizing bladder assembly 3 inflatable with a fluid to press the unvulcanized tire against the vulcanizing mold, a supply means 4 for the fluid, and a discharge means 5 for the fluid from the assembly 3. The tire-vulcanizing bladder assembly 3 compresses an outside bladder 8 for abutting on the inner surface of the unvulcanized tire, and an inside bladder 9 disposed in the outside bladder. The fluid includes a first fluid G1 supplied between the outside and inside bladders, and a second fluid G2 supplied to the inside bladder.

A method is described for vulcanizing a green tire using an organopolysiloxane-based mold release agent lubricant composition. Also described, is an organopolysiloxane-based mold release agent lubricant composition.

A pneumatic tire is vulcanized using a bladder provided with a coating layer formed of a release agent, and includes a sealant layer disposed on an inner surface of a tread portion in a tire circumferential direction. The amount of silicon of the release agents detected in at least a placement region of the sealant layer by fluorescence X-ray analysis is from 0.1 wt. % to 10.0 wt. %.

A pneumatic tire is vulcanized using a bladder provided with a coating layer formed of a release agent, and includes a sealant layer disposed on an inner surface of a tread portion in a tire circumferential direction, the release agent having a thickness of from 0.1 μm to 100 μm in at least a placement region of the sealant layer, detected using an electron microscope.

A curing bladder (7) for a tire has a shape exhibiting symmetry of revolution with a central axis and comprises a flexible wall made of cross-linked rubber, the external surface (20) of the wall comprising an air drainage zone (21) and an air removal zone (22) adjacent to the drainage zone, the bladder (7) being equipped with an air drainage structure comprising elements recessed into the external surface, the recessed elements forming a network of channels (30) extending in the air drainage zone (21) and as far as the air removal zone (22). The depth of a channel (30) of the network, defining the shortest path (31) connecting any point of the network of channels, which is situated in the air drainage zone (21), and the air removal zone (22), increases along the length of the path.

A pneumatic tire includes a transponder extending along a circumferential direction embedded between a position (P1) located on an outer side of and 15 mm away from an upper end of a bead core in a radial direction and a position (P2) located on an inner side of and 5 mm away from an end of a belt layer in the radial direction, and a tire inner surface in which a release agent layer made of a release agent is formed has a surface electric resistivity of 10.sup.9 Ω.Math.cm to 10.sup.15 Ω.Math.cm. The transponder extending along the circumferential direction is embedded between the position (P1) and the position (P2), and the amount of silicon of the release agent at least in the tire inner surface corresponding to an embedment section for the transponder is 10.0 wt % or less or a thickness of the release agent is 100 μm or less.

A pneumatic tire is vulcanized by using a bladder provided with a coating layer formed by a release agent, and the release agent has a thickness, detected by an electron microscope, of 0.1 μm to 100 μm on an inner surface of a tread portion 1.

A process for modifying an expandable curing bladder for a tire, which bladder has a surface intended to come into contact with a tire casing is provided. The process comprises a step of applying to the surface a layer of a silicone rubber composition comprising a first liquid organopolysiloxane bearing chain-end alkenyl groups, a second liquid organohydropolysiloxane and a photoactivatable hydrosilylation catalyst, and a step of exposing the silicone rubber composition covering the surface to irradiation with ultraviolet-visible light.